Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Department of Food Quality Control, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 31;14(7):1465. doi: 10.3390/nu14071465.
Essential oils (EOs) from aromatic and medicinal plants, such as myrtle ( L.) and Laurel ( L.), are gaining popularity as a potential ingredient in functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study aims to investigate whether the essential oils (EOs) could be effective in weight control, antioxidative and antilipidemic status of rats by affecting microbiota and its enzymes activity and whether changes in intestinal enzyme activity affect the health of rats. The intragastric application of laurel and myrtle EOs to rats for two weeks affects weight loss, reduces glycolytic activity, lipid parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C)) and atherogenic indicators, leading to cardiovascular protection. Laurel EO can be an excellent candidate for the treatment of drug-induced obesity and related diseases, since it affects lipid metabolism in the liver and inhibits the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of carbohydrates into glucose in the digestive tract, leading to weight loss. In contrast, myrtle EO shows a better antioxidant capacity in most tissues, except kidneys, where it causes a pro-oxidative effect, compared to laurel EO. Myrtle EO increases the permeability and instability of the erythrocyte membrane, resulting in a loss of selectivity for the entry of toxic substances into the cell. On the other hand, myrtle EO leads to intestinal inflammation by reducing the number of probiotic bacteria and increasing .
芳香植物和药用植物的精油（EOs），如桃金娘（Myrtle）和月桂（Laurel），作为功能性食品和营养保健品的潜在成分越来越受欢迎。本研究旨在探讨精油（EOs）是否可以通过影响微生物群及其酶活性来有效控制体重、抗氧化和抗脂质状态，以及肠道酶活性的变化是否会影响大鼠的健康。将月桂和桃金娘精油灌胃给大鼠两周会影响体重减轻、降低糖酵解活性、脂质参数（胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C））和动脉粥样硬化指标，从而起到保护心血管的作用。月桂精油可以成为治疗药物诱导性肥胖及其相关疾病的优秀候选物，因为它可以影响肝脏的脂质代谢，并抑制消化道中负责将碳水化合物代谢成葡萄糖的酶，从而导致体重减轻。相比之下，桃金娘精油在大多数组织中表现出更好的抗氧化能力，除了肾脏，在肾脏中它会产生促氧化作用，与月桂精油相比。桃金娘精油增加了红细胞膜的通透性和不稳定性，导致毒性物质进入细胞的选择性丧失。另一方面，桃金娘精油通过减少益生菌的数量和增加来导致肠道炎症。
