National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 1;14(7):1477. doi: 10.3390/nu14071477.
Overconsumption of energy provided by energy-dense, nutrient-poor (EDNP) food and drinks increases the risk of unhealthy weight gain and of obesity-related health outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and to estimate the amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks in a recommended diet. A stepwise approach was used first to develop a nutrient profiling model for classifying EDNP food and drinks and then to estimate the amount of discretionary energy in a recommended diet using diet modeling. The nutrition profiling model comprised 24 macro- and micronutrients and energy density. The model classified 67% of 1482 foods and 73% of 161 drinks correctly as EDNP food and drinks compared with an expert-adjusted model. Sweets, chocolate, cake, cookies and biscuits, sweet and salty snacks, sugar-sweetened and artificially sweetened drinks, and alcoholic drinks were classified as EDNP food and drinks. The estimated amount of discretionary energy for EDNP food and drinks was 4-6% of the energy requirements for 4-75-year-old Danes. It seems prudent to have special attention on EDNP food and drinks in dietary guidelines and future public health initiatives to avoid overconsumption of energy.
能量密集、营养贫乏（EDNP）的食物和饮料摄入过多会增加不健康体重增加和肥胖相关健康后果的风险。本研究旨在开发一种用于分类 EDNP 食物和饮料的营养成分分析模型，并估计推荐饮食中 EDNP 食物和饮料的可自由支配能量。首先采用逐步方法开发了一种用于分类 EDNP 食物和饮料的营养成分分析模型，然后使用饮食建模来估计推荐饮食中的可自由支配能量。营养成分分析模型包括 24 种宏量和微量营养素以及能量密度。与专家调整模型相比，该模型正确分类了 1482 种食品中的 67%和 161 种饮料中的 73%为 EDNP 食品和饮料。甜食、巧克力、蛋糕、饼干和曲奇、甜咸小吃、含糖和人工甜味饮料以及含酒精饮料被归类为 EDNP 食品和饮料。EDNP 食物和饮料的可自由支配能量估计量占 4-75 岁丹麦人能量需求的 4-6%。在饮食指南和未来的公共卫生倡议中，似乎需要特别关注 EDNP 食物和饮料，以避免过度摄入能量。
