Zhang Xin-Rui, Chien Pham-Ngoc, Nam Sun-Young, Heo Chan-Yeong
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea.
Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Korea.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Mar 24;14(7):1650. doi: 10.3390/cancers14071650.
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an uncommon type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), as well as one of the subtypes of T cell lymphoma, accounting for 1 to 3% of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and around 15% of T cell lymphomas. In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified anaplastic large cell lymphoma into four categories: ALK-positive ALCL (ALK+ALCL), ALK-negative ALCL (ALK-ALCL), primary cutaneous ALCL (pcALCL), and breast-implant-associated ALCL (BIA-ALCL), respectively. Clinical symptoms, gene changes, prognoses, and therapy differ among the four types. Large lymphoid cells with copious cytoplasm and pleomorphic characteristics with horseshoe-shaped or reniform nuclei, for example, are found in both ALK+ and ALK-ALCL. However, their epidemiology and pathogenetic origins are distinct. BIA-ALCL is currently recognized as a new provisional entity, which is a noninvasive disease with favorable results. In this review, we focus on molecular pathogenesis and management of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.
间变性大细胞淋巴瘤（ALCL）是一种罕见的非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL），也是T细胞淋巴瘤的亚型之一，占非霍奇金淋巴瘤的1%至3%，约占T细胞淋巴瘤的15%。2016年，世界卫生组织（WHO）将间变性大细胞淋巴瘤分为四类：ALK阳性ALCL（ALK+ALCL）、ALK阴性ALCL（ALK-ALCL）、原发性皮肤ALCL（pcALCL）和乳腺植入物相关ALCL（BIA-ALCL）。这四种类型在临床症状、基因变化、预后和治疗方面存在差异。例如，ALK+和ALK-ALCL中均可见到具有丰富细胞质和多形性特征、核呈马蹄形或肾形的大淋巴细胞。然而，它们的流行病学和发病机制起源是不同的。BIA-ALCL目前被认为是一种新的暂定实体，是一种预后良好的非侵袭性疾病。在本综述中，我们重点关注间变性大细胞淋巴瘤的分子发病机制和治疗。
