Bouaoud Jebrane, Bossi Paolo, Elkabets Moshe, Schmitz Sandra, van Kempen Léon C, Martinez Pierre, Jagadeeshan Sankar, Breuskin Ingrid, Puppels Gerwin J, Hoffmann Caroline, Hunter Keith D, Simon Christian, Machiels Jean-Pascal, Grégoire Vincent, Bertolus Chloé, Brakenhoff Ruud H, Koljenović Senada, Saintigny Pierre
Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, CNRS 5286, INSERM 1052, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University Lyon, F-69008 Lyon, France.
Department of Translational Research and Innovation, Centre Léon Bérard, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University Lyon, F-69008 Lyon, France.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Apr 2;14(7):1815. doi: 10.3390/cancers14071815.
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) may precede oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Reported rates of malignant transformation of OPMD range from 3 to 50%. While some clinical, histological, and molecular factors have been associated with a high-risk OPMD, they are, to date, insufficiently accurate for treatment decision-making. Moreover, this range highlights differences in the clinical definition of OPMD, variation in follow-up periods, and molecular and biological heterogeneity of OPMD. Finally, while treatment of OPMD may improve outcome, standard therapy has been shown to be ineffective to prevent OSCC development in patients with OPMD. In this perspective paper, several experts discuss the main challenges in oral cancer prevention, in particular the need to (i) to define an OPMD classification system by integrating new pathological and molecular characteristics, aiming (ii) to better identify OPMD at high risk of malignant transformation, and (iii) to develop treatment strategies to eradicate OPMD or prevent malignant transformation.
口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMD）可能先于口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）出现。据报道，OPMD的恶性转化率在3%至50%之间。虽然一些临床、组织学和分子因素与高风险OPMD相关，但迄今为止，它们在用于治疗决策时的准确性还不够。此外，这个范围凸显了OPMD临床定义的差异、随访期的变化以及OPMD的分子和生物学异质性。最后，虽然OPMD的治疗可能改善预后，但标准疗法已被证明对预防OPMD患者发生OSCC无效。在这篇观点论文中，几位专家讨论了口腔癌预防中的主要挑战，特别是需要：（i）通过整合新的病理学和分子特征来定义一个OPMD分类系统，目标是（ii）更好地识别具有恶性转化高风险的OPMD，以及（iii）制定治疗策略以根除OPMD或预防恶性转化。
