Department of Crop Production, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland.
Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 1A, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
Cells. 2022 Mar 28;11(7):1141. doi: 10.3390/cells11071141.
Salt stress is one of the main stressors limiting plant growth and yield. As a result of salt stress, unfavorable changes in the photosynthesis process take place, leading to a decrease in plant productivity. Therefore, it is necessary to use biologically active substances that reduce the effects of this stress. An example of such a substance is quercetin, classified as a flavonoid, which plays an important role in alleviating the effects of salt stress, mainly by the inactivation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by improvement of the photosynthesis process. A study was made of the effect of the quercetin-copper complex (Q-Cu (II)), which has a stronger antioxidant effect than pure quercetin. By means of a pot experiment, the influence of solutions of the Q-Cu (II) complex (100 mg∙L [Q1], 500 mg∙L [Q2] and 1000 mg∙L [Q3]) on the physiological and biochemical processes occurring in wheat plants subjected to salt stress was investigated. The plants were given two sprays of Q-Cu (II) solution, and their physiological parameters were examined both 1 and 7 days after each application of this solution. The level of ROS and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD] and guaiacol peroxidase [GPOX]) were also determined. It has been shown that spraying with Q2 and Q3 solutions improves the chlorophyll content, the values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (the photochemical efficiency of PS II [F/F], the maximum quantum yield of primary photochemistry [F/F], and the performance index of PS II [PI]), and gas exchange (net photosynthetic rate [P], stomatal conductance [g], transpiration rate [E] and intercellular CO concentration [C]). As a result of the application of Q2 and Q3 solutions, the level of ROS and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes tested decreased, which means that these concentrations are most effective in counteracting the effects of salt stress.
盐胁迫是限制植物生长和产量的主要胁迫因素之一。由于盐胁迫，光合作用过程发生不利变化，导致植物生产力下降。因此，有必要使用具有生物活性的物质来减轻这种胁迫的影响。槲皮素就是这样一种物质，它被归类为类黄酮，在缓解盐胁迫的影响方面起着重要作用，主要是通过使活性氧（ROS）失活和改善光合作用过程。研究了槲皮素-铜配合物（Q-Cu（II））的作用，它比纯槲皮素有更强的抗氧化作用。通过盆栽试验，研究了 Q-Cu（II）配合物（100mg·L [Q1]、500mg·L [Q2]和 1000mg·L [Q3]）溶液对小麦植株在盐胁迫下发生的生理生化过程的影响。向植物喷洒两次 Q-Cu（II）溶液，并在每次喷洒后 1 天和 7 天检查其生理参数。还测定了 ROS 水平和抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶[CAT]、超氧化物歧化酶[SOD]和愈创木酚过氧化物酶[GPOX]）的活性。结果表明，喷洒 Q2 和 Q3 溶液可提高叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光参数值（PS II 的光化学效率[F/F]、原初光化学的最大量子产量[F/F]和 PS II 的性能指数[PI]）和气体交换（净光合速率[P]、气孔导度[g]、蒸腾速率[E]和胞间 CO 浓度[C]）。由于应用了 Q2 和 Q3 溶液，测试的 ROS 水平和抗氧化酶活性降低，这意味着这两种浓度在对抗盐胁迫的影响方面最有效。
