Niu Ziru, An Fangjiao, Su Yongzhong, Liu Tingna, Yang Rong, Du Zeyu, Chen Shiyang
Linze Inlan River Basin Research Station, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Plants (Basel). 2022 Mar 29;11(7):909. doi: 10.3390/plants11070909.
Soil aggregates are the material basis of soil structure and important carriers of nutrients. Long-term application of organic and inorganic fertilizers can affect the composition of soil aggregates to varying degrees, which in turn affects the distribution and storage of soil nutrients. We report the results of a 15-year long-term field-based test of aeolian sandy soil and used the wet sieve method to analyze the stability of water-stable aggregates, as well as the distribution characteristics of nutrients in different particle size aggregates. Our results show that long-term application of organic fertilizer (M3) and combined organic−inorganic treatments (NPK1-M1, NPK1-M2, and NPK1-M3) help to increase the amount of organic carbon, inorganic carbon, and cation exchange in the macro-aggregates, and the improvement rates are 92−103%, 8−28%, and 74−85%, respectively. The organic content of the fertilizers also promotes the formation of macro-aggregates, and the stability of aggregates increase from 0.24 to 0.45. In contrast, the application of inorganic fertilizers (NPK1, NPK2, and NPK3) has no marked effect on the formation and stability of macro-aggregates; the application of inorganic fertilizers can merely maintain the organic carbon content of the soil. Correlation analysis shows that the application of organic fertilizers and chemical (inorganic) fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium can markedly increase the content and reserves of available phosphorus and potassium across all aggregate sizes, and there is a significant positive correlation between these parameters and the amount of applied fertilizer (p < 0.05). Aggregates of various sizes in aeolian sandy soils in arid areas have the potential for greater nutrient storage. Therefore, organic fertilizers can be used in the agricultural production process to improve soil structure and fertility.
土壤团聚体是土壤结构的物质基础和养分的重要载体。长期施用有机和无机肥料会不同程度地影响土壤团聚体的组成，进而影响土壤养分的分布和储存。我们报告了一项为期15年的风沙土田间长期试验结果，并采用湿筛法分析了水稳性团聚体的稳定性以及不同粒径团聚体中养分的分布特征。我们的结果表明，长期施用有机肥（M3）以及有机-无机联合处理（NPK1-M1、NPK1-M2和NPK1-M3）有助于增加大团聚体中的有机碳、无机碳和阳离子交换量，提高率分别为92%-103%、8%-28%和74%-85%。肥料中的有机成分还促进了大团聚体的形成，团聚体稳定性从0.24提高到0.45。相比之下，施用无机肥料（NPK1、NPK2和NPK3）对大团聚体的形成和稳定性没有显著影响；施用无机肥料仅能维持土壤的有机碳含量。相关性分析表明，施用有机肥以及含磷钾的化学（无机）肥料能够显著增加所有团聚体粒径中有效磷和钾的含量及储量，这些参数与施肥量之间存在显著正相关（p<0.05）。干旱地区风沙土中不同粒径的团聚体具有更大的养分储存潜力。因此，在农业生产过程中可使用有机肥来改善土壤结构和肥力。
