Chen Lihong, Ru Chengbo, Zhang Hongguo, Zhang Yanchun, Wang Hongxing, Hu Xiuli, Li Gang
Fire & Explosion Protection Laboratory, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
College of Forensic Science, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Shenyang 110035, China.
Molecules. 2022 Apr 6;27(7):2374. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072374.
Constructing ingenious microstructures, such as core-shell, laminate, microcapsule and porous microstructures, is an efficient strategy for tuning the combustion behaviors and thermal stability of energetic materials (EMs). Electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), which includes electrospray and electrospinning, is a facile and versatile technique that can be used to process bulk materials into particles, fibers, films and three-dimensional (3D) structures with nanoscale feature sizes. However, the application of EHDA in preparing EMs is still in its initial development. This review summarizes the progress of research on EMs prepared by EHDA over the last decade. The morphology and internal structure of the produced materials can be easily altered by varying the operation and precursor parameters. The prepared EMs composed of zero-dimensional (0D) particles, one-dimensional (1D) fibers and two-dimensional (2D) films possess precise microstructures with large surface areas, uniformly dispersed components and narrow size distributions and show superior energy release rates and combustion performances. We also explore the reasons why the fabrication of 3D EM structures by EHDA is still lacking. Finally, we discuss development challenges that impede this field from moving out of the laboratory and into practical application.
构建精巧的微观结构，如核壳结构、层状结构、微胶囊结构和多孔微观结构，是调控含能材料（EMs）燃烧行为和热稳定性的有效策略。包括电喷雾和电纺丝在内的电流体动力学雾化（EHDA）是一种简便且通用的技术，可用于将块状材料加工成具有纳米级特征尺寸的颗粒、纤维、薄膜和三维（3D）结构。然而，EHDA在制备含能材料方面的应用仍处于初步发展阶段。本文综述了过去十年中利用EHDA制备含能材料的研究进展。通过改变操作和前驱体参数，可以轻松改变所制备材料的形态和内部结构。由零维（0D）颗粒、一维（1D）纤维和二维（2D）薄膜组成的含能材料具有精确的微观结构，具有大表面积、均匀分散的组分和窄尺寸分布，并表现出优异的能量释放速率和燃烧性能。我们还探讨了为何利用EHDA制备三维含能材料结构仍存在不足。最后，我们讨论了阻碍该领域走出实验室并进入实际应用的发展挑战。
