Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 1;23(7):3939. doi: 10.3390/ijms23073939.
Cohesin, a multi-subunit protein complex, plays important roles in sister chromatid cohesion, DNA replication, chromatin organization, gene expression, transcription regulation, and the recombination or repair of DNA damage. Recently, several studies suggested that the functions of cohesin rely not only on cohesin-related protein-protein interactions, their post-translational modifications or specific DNA modifications, but that some RNA processing factors also play an important role in the regulation of cohesin functions. Therefore, the mutations and changes in the expression of cohesin subunits or alterations in the interactions between cohesin and RNA processing factors have been shown to have an impact on cohesion, the fidelity of chromosome segregation and, ultimately, on genome stability. In this review, we provide an overview of the cohesin complex and its role in chromosome segregation, highlight the causes and consequences of mutations and changes in the expression of cohesin subunits, and discuss the RNA processing factors that participate in the regulation of the processes involved in chromosome segregation. Overall, an understanding of the molecular determinants of the interplay between cohesin and RNA processing factors might help us to better understand the molecular mechanisms ensuring the integrity of the genome.
黏连蛋白是一种多亚基蛋白复合物，在姐妹染色单体黏合、DNA 复制、染色质组织、基因表达、转录调控以及 DNA 损伤的重组或修复等过程中发挥重要作用。最近的几项研究表明，黏连蛋白的功能不仅依赖于黏连蛋白相关蛋白-蛋白相互作用、它们的翻译后修饰或特定的 DNA 修饰，还依赖于一些 RNA 加工因子在调节黏连蛋白功能方面发挥重要作用。因此，黏连蛋白亚基的突变和表达变化或黏连蛋白与 RNA 加工因子之间相互作用的改变，已经被证明会对黏合、染色体分离的保真度以及最终的基因组稳定性产生影响。在这篇综述中，我们概述了黏连蛋白复合物及其在染色体分离中的作用，强调了黏连蛋白亚基突变和表达变化的原因和后果，并讨论了参与调节染色体分离相关过程的 RNA 加工因子。总的来说，对黏连蛋白和 RNA 加工因子相互作用的分子决定因素的理解，可能有助于我们更好地理解确保基因组完整性的分子机制。
