Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Saitama Hospital, 1-5 Shintoshin, Chuoh-ku, Saitama-City 330-8553, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 30;19(7):4087. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074087.
Disaster-related deaths are of two types: direct and indirect. Preventable disaster-related deaths reported in the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) included a large number of indirect deaths. This study aimed to investigate the data on disaster-related deaths in the GEJE in Ishinomaki City, Miyagi Prefecture, and to clarify the scope of disaster-related deaths to help future disaster preparedness. A retrospective observational study was conducted using public data on disaster-related deaths from March 2011 to January 2021, available at Ishinomaki City Hall. Descriptive and Cox regression analyses were conducted. The most common direct cause of disaster-related deaths was respiratory diseases, which were more common among those aged less than three months and over 60 years. Suicide was common among those aged under 60 years, and the proportion increased more than six months after the disaster. The risk of death was significantly higher among those who needed nursing care than among those independent in daily living. The results indicate that measures should be taken for the elderly and those who need care from an early phase after the disaster. The analysis of data on disaster-related deaths in other affected municipalities may provide further evidence to help reduce disaster-related deaths.
直接死亡和间接死亡。在东日本大地震（GEJE）中报告的可预防的灾害相关死亡包括大量的间接死亡。本研究旨在调查宫城县石卷市在 GEJE 中的灾害相关死亡数据，并阐明灾害相关死亡的范围，以帮助未来的灾害准备。使用石卷市政府提供的 2011 年 3 月至 2021 年 1 月期间的灾害相关死亡公共数据，进行了回顾性观察性研究。进行了描述性和 Cox 回归分析。灾害相关死亡的最常见直接原因是呼吸系统疾病，在三个月以下和 60 岁以上的人群中更为常见。自杀在 60 岁以下的人群中很常见，而且在灾难发生六个月后增加的比例更高。需要护理的人比日常生活自理的人死亡风险更高。结果表明，应在灾难发生后的早期阶段为老年人和需要护理的人采取措施。对其他受灾市町村的灾害相关死亡数据进行分析，可能会提供更多证据，有助于减少灾害相关死亡。
