School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430015, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 1;19(7):4203. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19074203.
Colorectal cancer poses a serious threat worldwide. Although early screening has been proved to be the most effective way to prevent and control colorectal cancer, the current situation of colorectal cancer screening remains not optimistic. The aim of this article is to apply the protection motivation theory (PMT) to examine the influencing factors on screening intention of colorectal cancer (CRC). This cross-sectional survey was launched in five communities in Wuhan, China. All the eligible urban Chinese were recruited and interviewed using paper-and-pencil questionnaires. The intention of colorectal cancer screening (CRCS) was measured using six PMT subconstructs, including perceived risk, perceived severity, fear arousal, response efficacy, response cost, and self-efficacy. Data on sociodemographic variables and knowledge of CRC were also collected. The structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used for data analysis. Among all the 569 respondents, 83.66% expressed willingness to participate in CRCS. Data of the research fit the proposed SEM model well (Chi-square/df = 2.04, GFI = 0.93, AGFI = 0.91, CFI = 0.91, IFI = 0.91, RMSEA = 0.04). Two subconstructs of PMT (response efficacy and self-efficacy) and CRC knowledge were directly and positively associated with screening intention. Age, social status, medical history, physical activity, and CRC knowledge were indirectly related to the screening intention through at least one of the two PMT subconstructs (response efficacy and self-efficacy). The findings of this study suggest the significance of enhancing response efficacy and self-efficacy in motivating urban Chinese adults to participate in CRC screening. Knowledge of CRC is significantly associated with screening intention. This study can provide useful information for the formulation and improvement of colorectal cancer screening strategies and plans.
结直肠癌在全球范围内构成严重威胁。虽然早期筛查已被证明是预防和控制结直肠癌最有效的方法，但结直肠癌筛查的现状仍不容乐观。本文旨在应用保护动机理论（PMT）来研究影响结直肠癌筛查意向的因素。这是一项在中国武汉的五个社区进行的横断面调查。所有符合条件的城市居民都被招募并使用纸笔问卷进行访谈。结直肠癌筛查意向（CRCS）用六个 PMT 子结构来衡量，包括感知风险、感知严重程度、恐惧唤起、反应效能、反应代价和自我效能。还收集了社会人口统计学变量和结直肠癌知识的数据。采用结构方程模型（SEM）方法进行数据分析。在所有 569 名受访者中，83.66%表示愿意参加 CRCS。研究数据非常符合提出的 SEM 模型（卡方/自由度=2.04，GFI=0.93，AGFI=0.91，CFI=0.91，IFI=0.91，RMSEA=0.04）。PMT 的两个子结构（反应效能和自我效能）和结直肠癌知识与筛查意向直接呈正相关。年龄、社会地位、病史、身体活动和结直肠癌知识通过至少一个 PMT 子结构（反应效能和自我效能）与筛查意向间接相关。这项研究的结果表明，增强反应效能和自我效能在激励城市成年人参与结直肠癌筛查方面具有重要意义。结直肠癌知识与筛查意向显著相关。本研究可为制定和完善结直肠癌筛查策略和计划提供有用信息。
