中国高危人群结直肠癌筛查的意识、态度和障碍：一项横断面研究。
Awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Department of International and Humanistic Nursing, School of Nursing, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2021 Jul 12;11(7):e045168. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045168.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the awareness, attitude and barriers of colorectal cancer screening among high-risk populations in China.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was employed.
SETTING
This study was conducted in nine hospitals in Hunan province, China.
PARTICIPANTS
Individuals with a high-risk for colorectal cancer were interviewed using a pretested structured questionnaire.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Knowledge, attitude towards colorectal cancer screening, sociodemographic factors associated with screening knowledge and behaviour and barriers of colorectal cancer screening.
RESULTS
This study included 684 participants. The mean knowledge score was 11.86/24 (SD 4.84). But over 70% of them held a positive attitude towards screening. Only 13.3% had undergone colorectal cancer screening. Independent factors related to knowledge were education level of college or above, working as a white collar, higher income, having health insurance, having seen a doctor in the past year and with a high perceived risk (p<0.05). Factors independently associated with screening behaviour included personal history of colorectal disease, having seen a doctor in the past year, previous discussion of colorectal cancer screening, high perceived risk and better knowledge (p<0.05). Main reasons for not undergoing screening were no symptoms or discomfort (71.1%), never having thought of the disease or screening (67.4%) and no doctor advised me (29.8%).
CONCLUSION
In China, the majority of high-risk people had deficient knowledge and had never undergone colorectal cancer screening. But most of them held a positive attitude towards the benefits of colorectal cancer screening. This has promising implications to design targeted educational campaigns and establish screening programmes to improve colorectal cancer awareness and screening participation. Healthcare professionals should advise high-risk individuals to participate in screening and inform them about cancer risk.
目的
评估中国高危人群对结直肠癌筛查的认知、态度和障碍。
设计
采用横断面研究。
地点
本研究在中国湖南省的 9 家医院进行。
参与者
使用经过预测试的结构化问卷对具有结直肠癌高危因素的个体进行访谈。
主要和次要结果测量
知识、对结直肠癌筛查的态度、与筛查知识和行为相关的社会人口学因素以及结直肠癌筛查的障碍。
结果
本研究纳入了 684 名参与者。平均知识得分为 11.86/24（SD 4.84）。但超过 70%的人对筛查持积极态度。只有 13.3%的人接受了结直肠癌筛查。与知识相关的独立因素包括大学及以上学历、白领工作、较高收入、有健康保险、过去一年看过医生和高感知风险（p<0.05）。与筛查行为相关的独立因素包括结直肠疾病个人史、过去一年看过医生、之前讨论过结直肠癌筛查、高感知风险和更好的知识（p<0.05）。未进行筛查的主要原因是无症状或不适（71.1%）、从未考虑过该疾病或筛查（67.4%）和没有医生建议（29.8%）。
结论
在中国，大多数高危人群缺乏结直肠癌筛查知识，从未进行过结直肠癌筛查。但大多数人对结直肠癌筛查的益处持积极态度。这为设计有针对性的教育活动和建立筛查计划以提高结直肠癌意识和筛查参与度提供了有希望的启示。医疗保健专业人员应建议高危个体参与筛查，并告知他们癌症风险。
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