Shen Nan, Wang Tongfei, Gan Quan, Liu Sian, Wang Li, Jin Biao
College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Food Chem. 2022 Jul 30;383:132531. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132531. Epub 2022 Feb 23.
Flavonoids are a group of natural polyphenol substances abundant in vegetables, fruits, grains, and tea. As plant secondary metabolites, flavonoids play essential roles in many biological processes and responses to environmental factors in plants. Flavonoids are common in human diets and have antioxidant effects as well as other bioactivities (e.g., antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties), which reduce the risk of disease. Flavonoid bioactivity depends on structural substitution patterns in their C6-C3-C6 rings. However, reviews of plant flavonoid distribution and biosynthesis, as well as the health benefits of its bioactivity, remain scarce. Therefore, in the present review, we systematically summarize recent progress in the research of plant flavonoids, focusing on their biosynthesis (pathway and transcription factors) and bioactive mechanisms based on epidemic evidence, in vitro and in vivo research, and bioavailability in the human body. We also discuss future opportunities in flavonoid research, including biotechnology, therapeutic phytoproducts, and dietary flavonoids.
黄酮类化合物是一类天然多酚物质，在蔬菜、水果、谷物和茶叶中含量丰富。作为植物次生代谢产物，黄酮类化合物在植物的许多生物过程以及对环境因素的响应中发挥着重要作用。黄酮类化合物在人类饮食中很常见，具有抗氧化作用以及其他生物活性（如抗菌和抗炎特性），可降低疾病风险。黄酮类化合物的生物活性取决于其C6-C3-C6环中的结构取代模式。然而，关于植物黄酮类化合物的分布、生物合成及其生物活性对健康益处的综述仍然很少。因此，在本综述中，我们系统地总结了植物黄酮类化合物研究的最新进展，重点关注基于流行病学证据、体外和体内研究以及人体生物利用度的生物合成（途径和转录因子）和生物活性机制。我们还讨论了黄酮类化合物研究的未来机遇，包括生物技术、治疗性植物产品和膳食黄酮类化合物。
