Yi Wenshi, Chen Chao, Gan Xiuhai
State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China.
Front Chem. 2022 Mar 29;10:879724. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.879724. eCollection 2022.
Microbial bactericides have been a research hotspot in recent years. In order to find new microbial fungicides for preventing and treating rice bacterial diseases, Y-1 ( Y-1) was isolated from in this study, and the optimal medium was selected by a single-factor experiment, and then eight metabolites were isolated from Y-1 fermentation broth by bioactivity tracking separation. The bioassay results showed that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, and P-hydroxybenzoic acid have good antibacterial activity against pv. () and pv. (), with 50% effective concentration values of 49.45 μg/ml, 64.22 μg/ml, and 16.32 μg/ml to , and 34.33 μg/ml, 71.17 μg/ml, and 15.58 μg/ml to , respectively, compared with zhongshengmycin (0.42 and 0.82 μg/ml, respectively) and bismerthiazol (85.64 and 92.49 μg/ml, respectively). experiments found that 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (35.9 and 35.4%, respectively), N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (42.9 and 36.7%, respectively), and P-hydroxybenzoic acid (40.6 and 36.8%, respectively) demonstrated excellent protective and curative activity against rice bacterial leaf blight, which were better than that of zhongshengmycin (38.4 and 34.4%, respectively). In addition, after 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, and P-hydroxybenzoic acid acted on rice, SOD, POD, and CAD defense enzymes increased under the same condition. In conclusion, these results indicated that the activity and mechanism research of new microbial pesticides were helpful for the prevention and control of rice bacterial diseases.
微生物杀菌剂是近年来的研究热点。为了寻找防治水稻细菌性病害的新型微生物杀菌剂，本研究从[具体来源未明确]中分离出Y-1，并通过单因素试验筛选出最优培养基，然后采用生物活性追踪分离法从Y-1发酵液中分离出8种代谢产物。生物测定结果表明，2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺和对羟基苯甲酸对水稻白叶枯病菌（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae）和水稻条斑病菌（Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola）具有良好的抗菌活性，对水稻白叶枯病菌的50%有效浓度值分别为49.45μg/ml、64.22μg/ml和16.32μg/ml，对水稻条斑病菌的50%有效浓度值分别为34.33μg/ml、71.17μg/ml和15.58μg/ml，相比中生菌素（分别为0.42μg/ml和0.82μg/ml）和叶青双（分别为85.64μg/ml和92.49μg/ml）。盆栽试验发现，2,4-二叔丁基苯酚（分别为35.9%和35.4%）、N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺（分别为42.9%和36.7%）和对羟基苯甲酸（分别为40.6%和36.8%）对水稻白叶枯病表现出优异的保护和治疗活性，优于中生菌素（分别为38.4%和34.4%）。此外，2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、N-乙酰-5-甲氧基色胺和对羟基苯甲酸作用于水稻后，在相同条件下超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和肉桂醇脱氢酶（CAD）防御酶活性增强。综上所述，这些结果表明新型微生物农药的活性及作用机制研究有助于水稻细菌性病害的防治。
