School of Social Work, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Research Center for Minority Institutions, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2023 Apr;10(2):930-941. doi: 10.1007/s40615-022-01281-y. Epub 2022 Apr 14.
Low-income, minority women living with HIV often experience multiple barriers in care that contribute to suboptimal care outcomes. Medical case managers (MCM) and medical providers are key players involved in care coordination and aid women along the HIV care continuum. The objective of this study was to identify current and potential patient-centered practices that facilitate adherence to medication and retention in care, from the perspective of racially and ethnically diverse women living with HIV. We implemented a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 75 African American, Hispanic/Latina, and Haitian women who were enrolled in the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program in South Florida in 2019. We organized domains of exploration using a patient-centered care framework to identify practices in which providers acknowledged, respected, and responded to clients' preferences, needs, and values. Interviews were analyzed using consensual thematic analysis approach. Findings reflect women valued MCMs who were proactive and directive in care, provided motivation, and aided with navigation of shame, fear, and stigma. Women valued medical providers who upheld simple educational communication. Moreover, women reported that providers who reviewed medical results with clients, incorporated questions about families, and inquired about multiple physical and clinical needs beyond HIV created opportunities for women to feel respected, valued, and in turn, enhanced their involvement in their care. Findings identify specific interpersonal practices that can enhance the ability to better meet the needs of diverse groups of women, specifically those from racial/ethnic minority groups who face multiple sociocultural barriers while in care.
生活在 HIV 中的低收入、少数族裔妇女经常在护理方面面临多种障碍,这导致护理结果不理想。医疗个案经理 (MCM) 和医疗提供者是参与护理协调的关键角色,他们帮助妇女沿着 HIV 护理连续体前进。本研究的目的是从生活在 HIV 中的不同种族和族裔的女性的角度确定当前和潜在的以患者为中心的实践,这些实践有助于坚持用药和保持护理。我们采用半结构化访谈的定性研究方法,对 2019 年在佛罗里达州南部参加 Ryan White HIV/AIDS 计划的 75 名非裔美国、西班牙裔/拉丁裔和海地女性进行了访谈。我们使用以患者为中心的护理框架组织探索领域,以确定提供者承认、尊重和回应患者偏好、需求和价值观的实践。使用共识主题分析方法对访谈进行分析。研究结果反映出,女性重视积极主动和指导护理的 MCM,重视激励和帮助患者应对羞耻、恐惧和耻辱感。女性重视坚持简单教育沟通的医疗提供者。此外,女性报告说,与患者一起审查医疗结果、纳入有关家庭的问题以及询问 HIV 以外的多种身体和临床需求的提供者为女性提供了感到受到尊重、重视的机会,并反过来增强了她们参与护理的能力。研究结果确定了具体的人际实践,可以提高满足不同女性群体需求的能力,特别是那些在护理中面临多种社会文化障碍的少数族裔女性。