Infectious Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Int J Infect Dis. 2022 Jul;120:77-82. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.04.022. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Immunological treatments (immune checkpoint inhibitors [ICIs], chimeric antigen receptor T [CAR-T] cells, bispecific T-cell engagers [BiTEs]) have deeply changed the treatment of several cancers. However, the impact of these treatments on the risk of developing infections has not been completely ascertained yet.
We reviewed all the registration studies of currently approved ICIs, CAR-T cells, and BiTEs to collect all the reported infections. For each drug, we have generated a report with the infections occurring in at least 10% of the patients enrolled.
The most frequently reported infections involving patients treated with ICIs involved the respiratory tract, including nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections, and pneumonia and the urinary tract. Those treated with CAR-T cells frequently reported the incidence of unspecified infections and infestations, bacterial infections, and viral infections. In patients treated with BiTEs, nasopharyngitis, pneumonia, and device-related infections were the most frequently reported conditions.
A wide range of infections are reported in registration studies and clinical trials of ICIs, CAR-T cells, and BiTEs.
免疫治疗（免疫检查点抑制剂[ICI]、嵌合抗原受体 T [CAR-T]细胞、双特异性 T 细胞衔接器[BiTE]）深刻改变了多种癌症的治疗方法。然而，这些治疗方法对感染风险的影响尚未完全确定。
我们回顾了所有目前批准的 ICI、CAR-T 细胞和 BiTE 的注册研究，以收集所有报告的感染。对于每种药物，我们生成了一份报告，其中包括至少 10%入组患者发生的感染。
接受 ICI 治疗的患者报告的最常见感染涉及呼吸道，包括鼻咽炎、上呼吸道感染和肺炎以及尿路感染。接受 CAR-T 细胞治疗的患者常报告不明原因感染和寄生虫感染、细菌感染和病毒感染。接受 BiTE 治疗的患者中，鼻咽炎、肺炎和器械相关感染是最常报告的情况。
在 ICI、CAR-T 细胞和 BiTE 的注册研究和临床试验中报告了广泛的感染。
