Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
J Photochem Photobiol B. 2022 May;230:112442. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112442. Epub 2022 Apr 9.
In this paper, we pick up the idea of the "UV-Biometer": the use of erythemal weighted broadband meters for other photobiological endpoints. Therefore, nine different types of broadband meters were considered. A necessity for their calibration is the availability of an action spectrum for the respective effect over the complete solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation range. Unfortunately, such action spectra are rather rare. Here we used the action spectra for non-melanoma skin cancer, DNA-damage, clearing of psoriasis, ICNIRP's workers protection and persistent pigmentation. The action spectrum for vitamin D photosynthesis is taken to estimate the effect of missing effectiveness values in the UV-A range. Application shows that high uncertainties occur especially at low solar elevations. Calibration factors in dependence of total ozone and solar elevation were calculated for all broadband meters and all effects. Analysis shows, that not all of these effects are as appropriate as erythema. The calibration for all effects was applied for a broadband meter that measures the UV-Index operationally within the Austrian UV-Index network. As most of these action spectra have threshold limit values or minimum dose equivalents, irradiance was converted into threshold exposure times. Uncertainties from total ozone during routine operation are estimated. Additionally, we derived conversion factors for erythemally effective irradiance to these effective irradiances. This delivers an easy way to gain biologically effective irradiance without the need of knowing the properties of the instrument. However, this introduces additional uncertainties and not all conversions should be applied.
在本文中，我们借鉴了“UV-Biometer”的思路：将红斑加权宽带计用于其他光生物终点。因此，我们考虑了九种不同类型的宽带计。校准这些宽带计的必要性是需要有完整太阳紫外线（UV）辐射范围内相应效应的作用光谱。不幸的是，这样的作用光谱相当罕见。在这里，我们使用了非黑素瘤皮肤癌、DNA 损伤、银屑病清除、ICNIRP 工人保护和持久性色素沉着的作用光谱。维生素 D 光合作用的作用光谱用于估计在 UV-A 范围内缺少有效性值的影响。应用表明，尤其是在低太阳仰角时，会出现高不确定性。我们为所有宽带计和所有效应计算了依赖于总臭氧和太阳仰角的校准因子。分析表明，并非所有这些效应都像红斑那样合适。我们对奥地利 UV 指数网络中运行的宽带计进行了所有效应的校准。由于这些作用光谱中的大多数都有阈值限值或最小剂量当量，因此将辐照度转换为阈值暴露时间。在常规运行中，我们估计了总臭氧引起的不确定性。此外，我们还为这些有效辐照度推导了红斑有效辐照度的转换因子。这提供了一种无需了解仪器特性即可获得生物有效辐照度的简单方法。然而，这会引入额外的不确定性，并非所有转换都应适用。
