海冰与大气的相互作用放大了北大西洋和北极地区的年代际变率。

Sea ice-air interactions amplify multidecadal variability in the North Atlantic and Arctic region.

作者信息

Deng Jiechun, Dai Aiguo

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change (ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.

Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA.

出版信息

Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 19;13(1):2100. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29810-7.

DOI:10.1038/s41467-022-29810-7

PMID:35440575

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9018715/

Abstract

Winter surface air temperature (Tas) over the Barents-Kara Seas (BKS) and other Arctic regions has experienced rapid warming since the late 1990s that has been linked to the concurring cooling over Eurasia, and these multidecadal trends are attributed partly to internal variability. However, how such variability is generated is unclear. Through analyses of observations and model simulations, we show that sea ice-air two-way interactions amplify multidecadal variability in sea-ice cover, sea surface temperatures (SST) and Tas from the North Atlantic to BKS, and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) mainly through variations in surface fluxes. When sea ice is fixed in flux calculations, multidecadal variations are reduced substantially (by 20-50%) not only in Arctic Tas, but also in North Atlantic SST and AMOC. The results suggest that sea ice-air interactions are crucial for multidecadal climate variability in both the Arctic and North Atlantic, similar to air-sea interactions for tropical climate.

摘要

自20世纪90年代末以来，巴伦支海-喀拉海（BKS）及其他北极地区的冬季地表气温（Tas）经历了快速变暖，这与欧亚大陆同时出现的变冷有关，这些年代际趋势部分归因于内部变率。然而，这种变率是如何产生的尚不清楚。通过对观测数据和模型模拟的分析，我们表明海冰-空气双向相互作用放大了从北大西洋到BKS的海冰覆盖、海表面温度（SST）和Tas的年代际变率，而大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）主要通过表面通量的变化起作用。当在通量计算中固定海冰时，年代际变化不仅在北极Tas中大幅减少（减少20%-50%），在北大西洋SST和AMOC中也是如此。结果表明，海冰-空气相互作用对于北极和北大西洋的年代际气候变化至关重要，类似于海气相互作用对热带气候的影响。