Moraes Ricardo Montes de, Santos Maria Angelica Borges Dos, Werneck Heitor Franco, Paula Márcio Nunes De, Almeida Rosimary Terezinha de
Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-graduação e Pesquisa em Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2022 Apr 13;38(3):e00354320. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00354320. eCollection 2022.
According to studies using previous editions of the Household Budgets Survey (POF) in Brazil, paying for a healthcare plan increases the percentage of income spent on health and fails to reduce the probability of incurring excessive health expenditures. The study's objective was to describe relations between expenditures on healthcare plans, income, and age groups, highlighting the effect of having a plan on the probability of committing more than 40% of income on health-related expenditures. An analysis of the POF 2017/2018 determined the commitment of per capita household income for payers of plans by age group and type of plan and logistic regression for factors associated with committing more than 40% of income to health-related expenditures. In 12 months, 22.1 million Brazilians spent BRL 78.1 billion on private medical insurance. The share of income spent on individual plans increases consistently with age, from 4.5% of per capita household income (at < 19 years) to 10.6% of this income (at 79 years or older). The probability of committing more than 40% of income to health expenditures decreases with income, increases with age, and is higher for those paying for health plans. Spending on healthcare plans alone exceeds 40% of per capita household income for 5.6% of Brazilians 60 years or older who pay for individual plans and for 4% of those who pay for company plans. Persons in the oldest age groups and in the lowest income brackets show the highest likelihood of spending more than 40% of their income on healthcare. A revision of the plans' adjustment by age is an alternative for attempting to mitigate this problem.
根据使用巴西以往各版家庭预算调查（POF）的研究，购买医疗保健计划会提高健康支出在收入中所占的百分比，并且无法降低产生高额医疗支出的可能性。该研究的目的是描述医疗保健计划支出、收入和年龄组之间的关系，突出拥有一项计划对将超过40%的收入用于与健康相关支出的可能性的影响。对2017/2018年家庭预算调查的分析确定了按年龄组和计划类型划分的计划支付者的人均家庭收入投入情况，以及对将超过40%的收入用于与健康相关支出的相关因素进行逻辑回归分析。在12个月内，2210万巴西人在私人医疗保险上花费了781亿雷亚尔。用于个人计划的收入份额随年龄持续增加，从人均家庭收入的4.5%（19岁以下）增至该收入的10.6%（79岁及以上）。将超过40%的收入用于医疗支出的可能性随收入降低、随年龄增加，并且对于购买健康计划的人更高。仅医疗保健计划支出就超过人均家庭收入40%的情况，在购买个人计划的60岁及以上巴西人中占5.6%，在购买公司计划的人中占4%。年龄最大的年龄组和收入最低的人群将其收入的40%以上用于医疗保健的可能性最高。按年龄调整计划是试图缓解这一问题的一种选择。
