Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.
Blood Adv. 2022 Jun 28;6(12):3678-3683. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007410.
The ongoing evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants severely limits available effective monoclonal antibody therapies. Effective drugs are also supply limited. COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) qualified for high antibody levels effectively reduces immunocompetent outpatient hospitalization. The Food and Drug Administration currently allows outpatient CCP for the immunosuppressed. Viral-specific antibody levels in CCP can range 10- to 100-fold between donors, unlike the uniform viral-specific monoclonal antibody dosing. Limited data are available on the efficacy of polyclonal CCP to neutralize variants. We examined 108 pre-δ/pre-ο donor units obtained before March 2021, 20 post-δ COVID-19/postvaccination units, and 1 pre-δ/pre-ο hyperimmunoglobulin preparation for variant-specific virus (vaccine-related isolate [WA-1], δ, and ο) neutralization correlated to Euroimmun S1 immunoglobulin G antibody levels. We observed a two- to fourfold and 20- to 40-fold drop in virus neutralization from SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 to δ or ο, respectively. CCP antibody levels in the upper 10% of the 108 donations as well as 100% of the post-δ COVID-19/postvaccination units and the hyperimmunoglobulin effectively neutralized all 3 variants. High-titer CCP neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants despite no previous donor exposure to the variants.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2)变体的持续进化严重限制了现有有效的单克隆抗体治疗方法。有效的药物也供应有限。COVID-19 恢复期血浆(CCP)具有高抗体水平,可有效降低免疫功能正常的门诊住院率。食品和药物管理局目前允许对免疫功能低下者进行门诊 CCP。与单克隆抗体剂量一致不同,CCP 中病毒特异性抗体水平在供体之间可相差 10 至 100 倍。关于多克隆 CCP 中和变体的疗效,目前只有有限的数据。我们检查了 2021 年 3 月之前获得的 108 个前δ/前ο供体单位、20 个后δ COVID-19/接种疫苗单位以及 1 个前δ/前ο高免疫球蛋白制剂,用于与 Euroimmun S1 免疫球蛋白 G 抗体水平相关的变体特异性病毒(疫苗相关分离株[WA-1]、δ 和 ο)中和。我们观察到从 SARS-CoV-2 WA-1 到 δ 或 ο 的病毒中和分别下降了两到四倍和 20 到 40 倍。在 108 个供体中,抗体水平在前 10%的 CCP 以及后 100%的 COVID-19/接种疫苗的单位和高免疫球蛋白制剂中,均可有效中和所有 3 种变体。高滴度 CCP 可中和 SARS-CoV-2 变体,尽管之前没有供体接触过这些变体。