Ekman Nina, Moons Philip, Taft Charles, Boström Eva, Fors Andreas
Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC), University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 20;12(4):e059308. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059308.
To identify key observable indicators of person-centred care (PCC) from interviews with patients, relatives and professionals with experience of receiving or working with PCC.
A qualitative interview study using deductive content analysis.
Primary and hospital care settings in Western Sweden.
Twelve participants with extensive experience of receiving or working with PCC were interviewed: two patients, two patients representative with long-term conditions, one relative and informal carer, three registered nurses, one physician, two occupational therapists and one social worker/researcher.
Nine observable indicators were identified and subsumed under three predetermined categories: initiating, working and safeguarding the partnership. The first category comprised three subcategories: welcoming, interested and courteous reception; agreeing on structure and aims of the conversation; and eliciting patients' wishes for involvement of significant others. The second category comprised four subcategories: attentive, empathic and encouraging manner; promoting mutual understanding; promoting patient engagement; and encouraging and friendly body language. The last category consisted of two subcategories: collaboration and transparency in documentation and verifying that patient's and professional's views, goals and wants are correctly documented.
Our results underline the need for health professionals to actively and conscientiously convey to patients their interest in and respect for the patient as a person and their willingness to collaborate as partners in their care from the very outset of the interaction. Non-verbal behaviours were seen to play a major role in shaping patients' impressions of health professionals. Given that patients' first impressions were considered to impact the content, course and outcomes of the interaction, more research attention should be given to their implications for the effective delivery of PCC.
通过对有接受或从事以患者为中心的护理（PCC）经验的患者、亲属及专业人员进行访谈，确定PCC的关键可观察指标。
采用演绎性内容分析法的定性访谈研究。
瑞典西部的初级和医院护理机构。
对12名有丰富接受或从事PCC经验的参与者进行了访谈：两名患者、两名患有长期疾病的患者代表、一名亲属及非正式护理人员、三名注册护士、一名医生、两名职业治疗师和一名社会工作者/研究人员。
确定了九个可观察指标，并归入三个预定类别：建立、开展和维护伙伴关系。第一类包括三个子类别：热情、感兴趣且礼貌的接待；就谈话的结构和目的达成一致；引出患者希望重要他人参与的意愿。第二类包括四个子类别：专注、共情且鼓励的态度；促进相互理解；促进患者参与；鼓励且友好的肢体语言。最后一类由两个子类别组成：文件记录中的协作与透明度，以及核实患者和专业人员的观点、目标和需求是否被正确记录。
我们的结果强调，医疗专业人员需要在互动一开始就积极且认真地向患者传达他们对患者个人的兴趣和尊重，以及他们作为护理伙伴进行协作的意愿。非语言行为在塑造患者对医疗专业人员的印象方面起着重要作用。鉴于患者的第一印象被认为会影响互动的内容、过程和结果，应更多地关注其对有效提供PCC的影响并开展研究。
