Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University.
Bulgarian Addictions Institute.
Personal Disord. 2023 May;14(3):274-286. doi: 10.1037/per0000565. Epub 2022 Apr 21.
Psychopathy is a collection of personality traits and behaviors that are associated with costly personal, interpersonal, and societal outcomes. The nature of this construct has been widely debated across decades of literature, and such debates have produced a multitude of instruments for the measurement of psychopathy. These measures include self-reports and clinical interviews, yet little work has examined the degree to which measurements of psychopathy may differ across these modalities and whether such potential differences may impact the associations commonly found with psychopathy (e.g., impulsivity). To this end, we applied psychometric network and item response theory analyses to data obtained from the interview-based Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version and the Levenson Self-Report of Psychopathy in the same sample. Our results revealed similarities and differences across measurement modalities. Regarding the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version, Factor 2 items were more important to the psychopathy construct (i.e., the most central and contributed more information than Factor 1 items), whereas Factor 1 items were more important to the Levenson Self-Report of Psychopathy. Factor 1 items were positively linked with Positive Urgency and were either negatively associated or not associated with Negative Urgency. In contrast, Factor 2 items were positively linked with Negative Urgency in both networks. Our analyses also revealed that dishonesty and irresponsibility served as the primary bridges connecting the factors of psychopathy in both networks. We make suggestions for improving the assessment of psychopathy by implementing self-report and interview measures that allow scores to be compared directly. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
精神病态是一组与个人、人际和社会成本高昂的后果相关的人格特征和行为。几十年来，文献中广泛讨论了这一结构的本质，这些讨论产生了许多用于测量精神病态的工具。这些措施包括自我报告和临床访谈，但很少有工作研究精神病态的测量方法在这些模式下可能存在的差异，以及这种潜在的差异是否会影响与精神病态常见的关联（例如，冲动性）。为此，我们应用心理测量网络和项目反应理论分析，对基于访谈的精神病态检查表：筛选版和 Levenson 精神病态自我报告在同一样本中获得的数据进行了分析。我们的结果揭示了测量模式之间的相似之处和差异。关于精神病态检查表：筛选版，第 2 因子项目对精神病态结构更为重要（即最中心的项目，比第 1 因子项目提供更多信息），而第 1 因子项目对 Levenson 精神病态自我报告更为重要。第 1 因子项目与积极冲动呈正相关，与消极冲动呈负相关或不相关。相比之下，第 2 因子项目在两个网络中都与消极冲动呈正相关。我们的分析还表明，不诚实和不负责任是两个网络中连接精神病态各因素的主要桥梁。我们提出了通过实施自我报告和访谈措施来改善精神病态评估的建议，这些措施可以直接比较分数。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
