Mokpo Marin Food-Industry Research Center, Mokpo 58621, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Jun;150:112976. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112976. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
Saechalssal barley is Korea's representative naked waxy barley. This study investigated the anti-diabetic effect of the extract derived from saechalssal and its mechanism. The prethanol extract of saechalssal (SPE) showed greater α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro and a more significant lowering of the postprandial blood glucose levels in normal mice compared to its water extract (SWE). When mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin were fed SPE (200 mg/kg/day) for six weeks, the fasting blood glucose and serum free fatty acid levels were significantly lower than those of the control group. SPE significantly elevated the hepatic glycogen accumulation with increasing glycogen synthesis-related gene (GYS2 and UGP2) levels compared to the control group. SPE stimulated the expression of the hepatic glycolysis-related genes (GK, PFK1, and PK) and suppressed the gluconeogenesis-related genes (G6Pase, FBP1, and PEPCK). SPE up-regulated the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt), whereas it down-regulated the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) compared to the control. The major flavonoids of SPE were naringin, prunin, and catechin, while its phenolic acids were ferulic acid and vanillic acid. These phytochemical compounds may contribute to the anti-hyperglycemic effects of SPE in diabetes. Overall, these results suggest that SPE has potential anti-diabetic activity through the regulating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β pathway.
沙参大麦是韩国特有的裸粒粘性大麦。本研究探讨了沙参提取物的抗糖尿病作用及其机制。与水提取物（SWE）相比，沙参的预醇提取物（SPE）在体外表现出更强的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性，并且在正常小鼠中能更显著地降低餐后血糖水平。当用高脂肪饮食和链脲佐菌素诱导的 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）小鼠喂食 SPE（200mg/kg/天）6 周时，空腹血糖和血清游离脂肪酸水平明显低于对照组。与对照组相比，SPE 显著增加了肝糖原积累，同时增加了糖原合成相关基因（GYS2 和 UGP2）的水平。SPE 刺激了与肝糖酵解相关的基因（GK、PFK1 和 PK）的表达，同时抑制了与糖异生相关的基因（G6Pase、FBP1 和 PEPCK）的表达。与对照组相比，SPE 上调了磷酸肌醇 3-激酶（PI3K）和蛋白激酶 B（Akt）的磷酸化水平，同时下调了糖原合成酶激酶 3β（GSK3β）的磷酸化水平。SPE 的主要类黄酮为柚皮苷、樱黄素和儿茶素，而其酚酸为阿魏酸和香草酸。这些植物化学物质可能有助于 SPE 在糖尿病中的抗高血糖作用。总的来说，这些结果表明 SPE 通过调节 PI3K/Akt/GSK3β 通路具有潜在的抗糖尿病活性。
