Quoc Tuan-Nguyen, Jung Myung-Chae
Environmental Geochemistry Laboratory, Department of Energy Resources and Geosystem Engineering, Sejong University, 209, Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea.
Toxics. 2022 Apr 10;10(4):185. doi: 10.3390/toxics10040185.
The presence of copper (Cu)-contaminated soil has increased recently due to agricultural and industrial activities. Immobilization techniques using soil amendments have attracted significant research because of their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and community acceptance. This study used various commercial amendments, including magnetite (M), talc (T), activated carbon (AC), and cornstarch (CS), to immobilize Cu in soil contaminated by acidic waste materials with Cu in Korea (9546 ± 5 mg/kg). To evaluate the immobilizing effect of these amendments, this study applied a sequential process of column leaching and plant uptake tests to observe the ability of Cu to remain in soil with and without amendments through the Cu removal rate. The amendments were characterized by SEM, XRD, and specific surface area and applied to the soil at a rate of 2% (w/w). The first stage of evaluation, i.e., the column leaching test, was conducted by continuously pumping distilled water (DW) for 28 days, and the second stage of evaluation, i.e., the plant uptake test, was started immediately after by planting 10-day-old lettuce seedlings for 28 days. The experimental results showed that all of the amendments had a significant effect on Cu immobilization Cu in soil (p < 0.05), and the T treatment showed the highest efficiency in Cu immobilization, with only 47.0% Cu loss compared to 73.5% in the control soil when assessed by sequential column leaching and plant uptake tests. In conclusion, this study provides an effective assessment method to evaluate the effect of amendments on Cu immobilization in soil, as well as providing feasible options to immobilize Cu using commercial amendments.
由于农业和工业活动，近期受铜（Cu）污染的土壤有所增加。使用土壤改良剂的固定化技术因其成本效益、生态友好性和社会接受度而备受关注。本研究使用了各种商业改良剂，包括磁铁矿（M）、滑石粉（T）、活性炭（AC）和玉米淀粉（CS），来固定韩国受酸性废料污染且含铜量为9546±5mg/kg土壤中的铜。为评估这些改良剂的固定效果，本研究采用了柱淋溶和植物吸收试验的连续过程，通过铜去除率观察有无改良剂时铜在土壤中的残留能力。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和比表面积对改良剂进行表征，并以2%（w/w）的比例施用于土壤。评估的第一阶段，即柱淋溶试验，通过连续泵送蒸馏水（DW）28天进行，评估的第二阶段，即植物吸收试验，在柱淋溶试验后立即开始，种植10日龄生菜幼苗28天。实验结果表明，所有改良剂对土壤中铜的固定都有显著影响（p<0.05），T处理在铜固定方面效率最高，通过连续柱淋溶和植物吸收试验评估，与对照土壤中73.5%的铜流失相比，T处理的铜流失率仅为47.0%。总之，本研究提供了一种有效的评估方法来评估改良剂对土壤中铜固定的效果，同时也提供了使用商业改良剂固定铜的可行选择。
