Vlassopoulou Marigoula, Paschalidis Nikolaos, Savvides Alexandros L, Saxami Georgia, Mitsou Evdokia K, Kerezoudi Evangelia N, Koutrotsios Georgios, Zervakis Georgios I, Georgiadis Panagiotis, Kyriacou Adamantini, Pletsa Vasiliki
Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 Mar 22;8(4):329. doi: 10.3390/jof8040329.
Recent studies have revealed the crucial role of several edible mushrooms and fungal compounds, mainly polysaccharides, in human health and disease. The investigation of the immunomodulating effects of mushroom polysaccharides, especially β-glucans, and the link between their anticancer and immunomodulatory properties with their possible prebiotic activity on gut micro-organisms has been the subject of intense research over the last decade. We investigated the immunomodulating effects of Pleurotus eryngii mushrooms, selected due to their high β-glucan content, strong lactogenic effect, and potent geno-protective properties, following in vitro fermentation by fecal inocula from healthy elderly volunteers (>60 years old). The immunomodulating properties of the fermentation supernatants (FSs) were initially investigated in U937-derived human macrophages. Gene expression as well as pro- (TNF-α, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-1Rα) were assessed and correlated with the fermentation process. The presence of P. eryngii in the fermentation process led to modifications in immune response, as indicated by the altered gene expression and levels of the cytokines examined, a finding consistent for all volunteers. The FSs immunomodulating effect on the volunteers’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was verified through the use of cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) analysis.
最近的研究揭示了几种可食用蘑菇和真菌化合物（主要是多糖）在人类健康和疾病中的关键作用。在过去十年中，对蘑菇多糖（尤其是β-葡聚糖）的免疫调节作用，以及它们的抗癌和免疫调节特性与其对肠道微生物可能的益生元活性之间的联系的研究一直是热门课题。我们研究了杏鲍菇的免疫调节作用，杏鲍菇因其高β-葡聚糖含量、强大的催乳作用和有效的基因保护特性而被选中，采用来自健康老年志愿者（>60岁）的粪便接种物进行体外发酵。发酵上清液（FSs）的免疫调节特性最初在源自U937的人类巨噬细胞中进行了研究。评估了基因表达以及促炎（TNF-α、IL-1β）和抗炎细胞因子（IL-10、IL-1Rα），并将其与发酵过程相关联。发酵过程中杏鲍菇的存在导致免疫反应发生改变，这从所检测细胞因子的基因表达和水平变化中得以体现，这一发现对所有志愿者来说都是一致的。通过飞行时间细胞计数法（CyTOF）分析验证了FSs对志愿者外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）的免疫调节作用。
