肥胖和超重成年女性心血管风险因素中推荐和不推荐食物评分之间的关联：一项横断面研究。
The association between recommended and non-recommended food scores on cardiovascular risk factors in obese and overweight adult women: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
Faculty of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2022 Apr 21;22(1):795. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12404-1.
OBJECTIVE
Obesity is a highly prevalent, non-communicable, disease associated with numerous comorbid complications, such as cardiovascular disease. Following a healthy diet is known to help reduce the risk of both obesity and cardiovascular disease. This study was conducted to evaluate the association of recommended food score (RFS) and none recommended food score (NRFS) with cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese women.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was performed on 379 overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m) women aged 18-48 years. Anthropometric measurements and body composition analysis were assessed in all participants. Dietary intake was assessed by a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) containing 147 items, and RFS and NRFS was calculated. Biochemical assessments including TC, HDL, LDL, TG, FBS, insulin, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP were quantified by ELISA.
RESULTS
The mean age and BMI of participants were 36.73 ± 9.21 (y) and 31.17 ± 4.22 (kg/m), respectively. Binary logistic regression showed that participants in the highest tertile of the RFS compared to the lowest tertile had 57% lower odds for hypertriglyceridemia [OR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.20-0.92, P = 0.03]. Subjects with high adherence to the NRFS had lower HDL [OR = 2.11, 95%CI = 1.08-4.12, P = 0.02] and higher odds for hypertriglyceridemia [OR = 2.95, 95%CI = 1.47-5.94, P = 0.002] compared to low adherence.
CONCLUSIONS
There was an inverse significant association between adherence to RFS and odds of hypertriglyceridemia. There was a significant association between NRFS and hypertriglyceridemia, in addition to an inverse association between NRFS and HDL. We recommend that people increase their consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats or meat alternates, and low-fat dairy and avoid red meat, processed meat, chips, high-fat dairy, solid oil, refined grains, and variety of sweetened foods to prevent cardiovascular disease.
目的
肥胖是一种高度流行的非传染性疾病，与许多合并症并发症相关，如心血管疾病。众所周知，健康饮食有助于降低肥胖和心血管疾病的风险。本研究旨在评估推荐食物评分（RFS）和不推荐食物评分（NRFS）与超重和肥胖女性心血管危险因素的相关性。
方法
本横断面研究纳入了 379 名年龄在 18-48 岁、BMI≥25kg/m2 的超重和肥胖（BMI≥25kg/m2）女性。所有参与者均进行了人体测量和身体成分分析。通过包含 147 个项目的有效且可靠的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估膳食摄入量，并计算 RFS 和 NRFS。通过酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）定量检测 TC、HDL、LDL、TG、FBS、胰岛素、HOMA-IR 和 hs-CRP 等生化指标。
结果
参与者的平均年龄和 BMI 分别为 36.73±9.21（岁）和 31.17±4.22（kg/m2）。二元逻辑回归显示，与最低三分位相比，RFS 最高三分位的参与者发生高甘油三酯血症的几率降低 57%[比值比（OR）=0.43，95%置信区间（CI）=0.20-0.92，P=0.03]。NRFS 高依从性的受试者 HDL 水平较低[比值比（OR）=2.11，95%置信区间（CI）=1.08-4.12，P=0.02]，发生高甘油三酯血症的几率较高[比值比（OR）=2.95，95%置信区间（CI）=1.47-5.94，P=0.002]。
结论
RFS 依从性与高甘油三酯血症的几率呈负相关。NRFS 与高甘油三酯血症呈显著相关，与 HDL 呈负相关。我们建议人们增加水果、蔬菜、全谷物、瘦肉或肉类替代品、低脂乳制品的摄入，避免食用红肉、加工肉类、薯条、高脂肪乳制品、固体油、精制谷物和各种含糖食品，以预防心血管疾病。
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