Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Cyberjaya, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
J Med Life. 2022 Mar;15(3):328-335. doi: 10.25122/jml-2021-0097.
Antimicrobials are widely used to treat bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Therefore, research and development of newer types of antimicrobials are important. Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a major challenge to the healthcare system, although various alternative antimicrobials have been proposed. However, none of these show consistent and comparable efficacy to antimicrobials in clinical trials. More recently, nanoparticles have emerged as a potential solution to antimicrobial agents to overcome antimicrobial resistance. This article revisits and updates applications of various types of nanoparticles for the delivery of antimicrobial agents and their characterization. Though nanoparticle technology has some limitations, it provides an innovative approach to pharmaceutical technology. Furthermore, nanoparticles offer a variety of advantages, such as enhancement of solubility and permeation, leading to better efficacy. In this article, approaches commonly employed to improve antimicrobial therapy are discussed. These approaches have advantages and applications and provide a broader opportunity for pharmaceutical scientists to choose the proper method per the desired outcome.
抗生素被广泛用于治疗细菌、病毒、真菌和原生动物。因此，开发新型抗生素非常重要。尽管已经提出了各种替代抗生素，但抗生素耐药性已成为医疗保健系统的主要挑战。然而，在临床试验中，这些抗生素没有一种表现出与抗生素一致和可比的疗效。最近，纳米颗粒作为一种潜在的解决方案，以克服抗生素耐药性的抗生素出现。本文回顾和更新了各种类型的纳米颗粒用于传递抗生素及其特性的应用。尽管纳米颗粒技术有一些局限性，但它为药物技术提供了一种创新的方法。此外，纳米颗粒具有多种优势，例如提高溶解度和渗透性，从而提高疗效。本文讨论了常用于改善抗菌治疗的方法。这些方法各有优缺点，为药物科学家提供了更广泛的机会，根据预期的结果选择合适的方法。
