瑞士男青年和女青年中对接种疫苗的犹豫态度和 HPV 疫苗接种率：一项横断面研究。
Vaccine hesitancy and HPV vaccine uptake among male and female youth in Switzerland: a cross-sectional study.
机构信息
University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Baselland, Bruderholz, Switzerland.
University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 21;12(4):e053754. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053754.
OBJECTIVES
Identifying factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake is essential for designing successful vaccination programmes. We aimed to examine the association between vaccine hesitancy (VH) and HPV vaccine uptake among male and female youth in Switzerland.
DESIGN
With a cross-sectional study, an interview-based questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic factors, vaccination records and to measure the prevalence of VH using the Youth Attitudes about Vaccines scale (YAV-5), a modified version of the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccinations survey instrument.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
Eligible male and female participants, 15-26 years of age, were recruited through physicians' offices and military enlistment in all three language regions of Switzerland. Of 1001 participants, we included 674 participants with a vaccination record available (415 males and 259 females) in this study.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
The outcome was uptake for HPV vaccine (having received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine). Covariates were VH, sex, age and other sociodemographics.
RESULTS
151 (58%) female and 64 (15%) male participants received ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine. 81 (31%) female and 92 (22%) male participants were VH (YAV-5-Score >50). The odds for being unvaccinated were higher for VH women than non-VH women, adjusted OR=4.90 (95% CI 2.53 to 9.50), but similar among VH and non-VH men, OR=1.90 (95% CI 0.84 to 4.31). The odds for being unvaccinated were lower for younger men (born on or after 1 July 2002) than older men (born before 1 July 2002), OR=0.34 (95% CI 0.14 to 0.81), but we found no association between age and vaccine uptake for female youth, OR=0.97 (95% CI 0.48 to 1.97).
CONCLUSIONS
VH was associated with lower HPV vaccine uptake in female youth but not male youth in our study population in Switzerland. Our findings suggest that issues other than VH contribute to HPV underimmunisation in male youth in Switzerland.
目的
确定与人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种相关的因素对于设计成功的疫苗接种计划至关重要。本研究旨在检验 HPV 疫苗犹豫（VH）与瑞士青年男女 HPV 疫苗接种率之间的相关性。
设计
采用横断面研究，通过基于访谈的问卷调查收集社会人口学因素、疫苗接种记录，并使用青少年疫苗态度量表（YAV-5）来衡量 VH 的流行程度，YAV-5 是儿童疫苗接种态度调查工具的一个改良版本。
地点和参与者
在瑞士三个语言区的医生办公室和兵役登记处招募了符合条件的 15-26 岁的男性和女性参与者。在 1001 名参与者中，本研究纳入了有疫苗接种记录的 674 名参与者（415 名男性和 259 名女性）。
主要和次要结局指标
结局为 HPV 疫苗接种（已接种≥1 剂 HPV 疫苗）。协变量为 VH、性别、年龄和其他社会人口学因素。
结果
151 名（58%）女性和 64 名（15%）男性参与者接种了≥1 剂 HPV 疫苗。81 名（31%）女性和 92 名（22%）男性参与者 VH（YAV-5 评分>50）。与非 VH 女性相比，VH 女性未接种疫苗的可能性更高，调整后的 OR=4.90（95%CI 2.53 至 9.50），而 VH 男性和非 VH 男性之间的差异无统计学意义，OR=1.90（95%CI 0.84 至 4.31）。与年龄较大的男性（出生于 2002 年 7 月 1 日之前）相比，年龄较小的男性（出生于 2002 年 7 月 1 日或之后）未接种疫苗的可能性更低，OR=0.34（95%CI 0.14 至 0.81），但我们未发现女性青年年龄与 HPV 疫苗接种率之间的相关性，OR=0.97（95%CI 0.48 至 1.97）。
结论
在瑞士，本研究人群中 VH 与女性青年 HPV 疫苗接种率较低相关，但与男性青年无关。我们的研究结果表明，除 VH 以外的其他因素也会导致瑞士男性青年 HPV 疫苗接种不足。
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