Shahini Farzaneh, Park Junho, Welch Kyle, Zahabi Maryam
Industrial and Systems Engineering Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Ergonomics. 2023 Feb;66(2):182-197. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2022.2069868. Epub 2022 May 2.
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of unreliable automation, non-driving related tasks (NDRTs), and takeover time budget (TOTB) on drivers' takeover performance and cognitive workload when faced with critical incidents. Automated vehicles are expected to improve traffic safety. However, there are still some concerns about the effects of automation failures on driver performance and workload. Twenty-eight drivers participated in a driving simulation study. The findings suggested that drivers require at least 8 s of TOTB to safely take over the control of the vehicle. In addition, drivers exhibited safer takeover performance under the conditionally automated driving situation than negotiating the critical incident in the manual driving condition. The results of drivers' cognitive workload were inconclusive, which might be due to the individual and recall biases in subjective measures that could not capture subtle differences in workload during takeover requests. A driving simulation study was conducted to assess the effect of unreliable automation, non-driving related tasks, and different takeover time budgets on drivers' performance and workload. The results can provide guidelines for vehicle manufacturers to improve the design of automated vehicles.
本研究的目的是评估不可靠自动化、非驾驶相关任务（NDRT）以及接管时间预算（TOTB）在驾驶员面临关键事件时对其接管性能和认知工作量的影响。自动驾驶车辆有望提高交通安全。然而，对于自动化故障对驾驶员性能和工作量的影响仍存在一些担忧。28名驾驶员参与了一项驾驶模拟研究。研究结果表明，驾驶员安全接管车辆控制权至少需要8秒的接管时间预算。此外，与在手动驾驶条件下应对关键事件相比，驾驶员在有条件自动驾驶情况下表现出更安全的接管性能。驾驶员认知工作量的结果尚无定论，这可能是由于主观测量中的个体和回忆偏差，无法捕捉接管请求期间工作量的细微差异。进行了一项驾驶模拟研究，以评估不可靠自动化、非驾驶相关任务以及不同接管时间预算对驾驶员性能和工作量的影响。研究结果可为车辆制造商改进自动驾驶车辆的设计提供指导。
