Cao Jinteng, Wu Guangwei, Wang Lei, Cao Fuliang, Jiang Yan, Zhao Linguo
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 8;11(4):736. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040736.
The husks of Bunge (), as by-products of industrial production, have brought a severe burden to the environment and caused an enormous waste of resources. Bioactive triterpenoid saponins are rich in the husks. To reuse the husks and gain high-quality saponin products, saponin-oriented deep eutectic solvents (DESs), as an efficient and selective extraction strategy from husks, were designed for the first time. The enhancement of the extraction rate was investigated by screening solvents from acidic DESs and response surface methodology (RSM) optimization. As a result, the tetrapropylammonium bromide-lactic acid (TPMBr-La) was the most efficient DESs, with an extraction efficiency of up to 135% higher than 70% ethanol. A maximum extraction rate of 72.11 ± 0.61 mg Re/g dw was obtained under the optimized parameters. Scanning electron microscope graphs revealed that damage to the microstructure caused by DESs enhanced the extraction efficiency. Moreover, the recovery of total saponins with D101 macroporous resin was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Seven saponins were also identified by HPLC-MS analysis. Finally, TPMBr-La extracts exhibited 92.30 ± 1.10% DPPH radical scavenging rate at 100 μg/mL, and 92.20 ± 0.30% ABTS radical scavenging rate at 1200 μg/mL. Our current research proposes a selective and high-efficiency substitute for the extraction of saponins and might contribute to further DESs application in the recycling of by-products.
工业生产副产物—— （此处Bunge后括号内内容缺失）的外壳给环境带来了沉重负担，并造成了巨大的资源浪费。其外壳富含生物活性三萜皂苷。为了重新利用这些外壳并获得高质量的皂苷产品，首次设计了以皂苷为导向的深层共熔溶剂（DESs），作为从外壳中提取皂苷的一种高效且具选择性的策略。通过从酸性DESs中筛选溶剂并采用响应面法（RSM）进行优化，研究了提取率的提高情况。结果表明，四丙基溴化铵 - 乳酸（TPMBr - La）是最有效的DESs，其提取效率比70%乙醇高135%，最高可达72.11±0.61mg 人参皂苷Re/g干重。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，DESs对微观结构造成的破坏提高了提取效率。此外，用D101大孔树脂回收总皂苷符合准二级动力学模型。通过HPLC - MS分析还鉴定出了七种皂苷。最后，TPMBr - La提取物在100μg/mL时对DPPH自由基的清除率为92.30±1.10%，在1200μg/mL时对ABTS自由基的清除率为92.20±0.30%。我们目前的研究提出了一种用于提取皂苷的选择性高效替代方法，可能有助于DESs在副产品回收中的进一步应用。
