Hsu Te-Hua, Lee Hung-Tai, Lu Hsueh-Jung, Liao Cheng-Hsin, Gong Hong-Yi, Huang Chang-Wen
Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
Biology (Basel). 2022 Apr 2;11(4):554. doi: 10.3390/biology11040554.
Stock enhancement, used for replenishing depleted wild finfish populations, is an aggressive approach. Stock enhancement projects in Taiwan involve black sea bream (), a major commercial species. During 2004-2015, even management agencies conducted stock enhancement projects, leading to numerous private releases that have not been recorded. Stock enhancement by a private hatchery without accurate genetic records may lead to a genetic structure change in wild populations. Using allele frequencies at nine microsatellite loci, we studied the genetic effects of stock enhancement in 19 samples collected from populations in the hatcheries and the wild. In 458 individuals from nine hatchery samples, most populations showed weak but significant genetic differences and complex clusters in structure analysis, indicating dramatic stock change within and among hatcheries. The 10 wild populations ( = 773) also had a complex genetic composition and were genetically different among sampling sites and times. However, a simple and clear cluster in structure analysis was found for only one sampling site, which had no release history. Thus, stock enhancement with complex genetic sources helps maintain genetic diversity but dramatically changes the genetic structure within and among wild populations, especially when stock enhancement is successful.
放流增殖用于补充枯竭的野生有鳍鱼类种群，是一种激进的方法。台湾的放流增殖项目涉及黑鲷（），这是一种主要的商业鱼类。在2004年至2015年期间，即使管理机构开展了放流增殖项目，也导致了许多未记录的私人放流情况。私人孵化场在没有准确遗传记录的情况下进行放流增殖可能会导致野生种群的遗传结构发生变化。我们利用9个微卫星位点的等位基因频率，研究了从孵化场和野生种群中采集的19个样本中放流增殖的遗传效应。在来自9个孵化场样本的458个个体中，大多数种群在结构分析中显示出微弱但显著的遗传差异和复杂的聚类，表明孵化场内和孵化场之间的种群发生了巨大变化。10个野生种群（=773）也具有复杂的遗传组成，并且在采样地点和时间上存在遗传差异。然而，在结构分析中仅发现一个没有放流历史的采样地点有简单明了的聚类。因此，具有复杂遗传来源的放流增殖有助于维持遗传多样性，但会极大地改变野生种群内部和之间的遗传结构，尤其是当放流增殖成功时。
