Institute of Plant Sciences, Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Institute, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel.
Biomolecules. 2022 Mar 24;12(4):491. doi: 10.3390/biom12040491.
Cancer is a complex family of diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. Gliomas are primary brain tumors that account for ~80% of all malignant brain tumors. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common, invasive, and lethal subtype of glioma. Therapy resistance and intra-GBM tumoral heterogeneity are promoted by subpopulations of glioma stem cells (GSCs). produces hundreds of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, terpenes, and phytocannabinoids. Around 160 phytocannabinoids have been identified in . Cannabis is commonly used to treat various medical conditions, and it is used in the palliative care of cancer patients. The anti-cancer properties of cannabis compounds include cytotoxic, anti-proliferative, and anti-migratory activities on cancer cells and cancer stem cells. The endocannabinoids system is widely distributed in the body, and its dysregulation is associated with different diseases, including various types of cancer. Anti-cancer activities of phytocannabinoids are mediated in glioma cells, at least partially, by the endocannabinoid receptors, triggering various cellular signaling pathways, including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. Specific combinations of multiple phytocannabinoids act synergistically against cancer cells and may trigger different anti-cancer signaling pathways. Yet, due to scarcity of clinical trials, there remains no solid basis for the anti-cancer therapeutic potential of cannabis compounds.
癌症是一组影响全球数百万人的复杂疾病。神经胶质瘤是原发性脑肿瘤，约占所有恶性脑肿瘤的 80%。多形性胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是最常见、最具侵袭性和最致命的神经胶质瘤亚型。胶质瘤干细胞（GSCs）亚群促进了治疗耐药性和颅内肿瘤异质性。大麻产生数百种次生代谢产物，如类黄酮、萜类化合物和植物大麻素。已在大麻中鉴定出约 160 种植物大麻素。大麻通常用于治疗各种医疗状况，并用于癌症患者的姑息治疗。大麻化合物的抗癌特性包括对癌细胞和癌症干细胞的细胞毒性、抗增殖和抗迁移活性。内源性大麻素系统广泛分布于全身，其失调与包括各种类型癌症在内的多种疾病有关。植物大麻素在神经胶质瘤细胞中的抗癌活性至少部分是通过内源性大麻素受体介导的，触发各种细胞信号通路，包括内质网（ER）应激通路。多种植物大麻素的特定组合对癌细胞具有协同作用，并可能触发不同的抗癌信号通路。然而，由于临床试验的稀缺，大麻化合物的抗癌治疗潜力仍然没有坚实的基础。
