Zdravkovic Marija, Popadic Viseslav, Nikolic Vladimir, Klasnja Slobodan, Brajkovic Milica, Manojlovic Andrea, Nikolic Novica, Markovic-Denic Ljiljana
University Clinical Hospital Center Bezanijska Kosa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Mar 24;10(4):500. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10040500.
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of developing COVID-19 due to their professional exposition to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. This study assesses the intention of vaccination against COVID-19 before the vaccines were approved, and the rate of vaccine uptake during the first nine months of immunization among HCWs. A cross-sectional seroprevalence study was carried out during July 2020 in University Clinical Hospital Center Bezanijska Kosa in Belgrade, Serbia that included 62.8% of all HCWs. Besides serological testing for IgG antibodies, data about HCWs' intention to accept COVID-19 vaccination if a vaccine became available were collected. This cohort of HCWs was followed up until the end of October 2021 to assess the number of vaccinated and PCR-positive staff. In the cross-sectional study, 18.3% HCWs had positive SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies without difference with IgG-negative HCWs regarding age, gender, profession type, and years of service. Before vaccines became available, a significantly higher percentage of IgG-positive HCWs compared to IgG-negative HCWs was unsure whether to be vaccinated (62.5% vs. 49.0%), and significantly fewer stated that they would not be vaccinated (16.7% vs. 25.1%). When the vaccines became available in Serbia, among IgG-negative HCWs, those who stated clear positive (yes) and clear negative (no) attitude toward vaccination before the immunization period had begun were vaccinated at 28% and 20%, respectively, while 51% of unsure HCWs received a vaccine ( = 0.006). Among IgG-positive HCWs, there was no statistical difference in vaccine uptake regarding those with previous negative, positive, and unsure opinions about vaccination ( = 0.498). In multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with uptake were being female (OR = 1.92; 95%CI: 1.04-3.55), age of 30-59 years, previously vaccine-unsure (OR = 1.84; 95%CI: 1.04-3.25), and those with previous positive vaccine attitudes (OR = 2.48; 95%CI:1.23-5.01), while nurses were less likely to become vaccinated (OR = 0.39 95% CI: 0.20-0.75) These findings indicate a positive change in attitudes of HCWs towards COVID-19 vaccination.
医护人员由于其职业原因会接触到严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）病毒，因此感染2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的风险更高。本研究评估了在疫苗获批之前医护人员接种COVID-19疫苗的意愿，以及在免疫接种的前九个月医护人员的疫苗接种率。2020年7月在塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德的贝扎尼什卡科萨大学临床医院中心开展了一项横断面血清阳性率研究，涵盖了62.8%的医护人员。除了检测IgG抗体的血清学检测外，还收集了关于医护人员在有可用疫苗时接受COVID-19疫苗接种意愿的数据。对这组医护人员进行随访直至2021年10月底，以评估接种疫苗和PCR检测呈阳性的工作人员数量。在横断面研究中，18.3%的医护人员SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体呈阳性，在年龄、性别、职业类型和服务年限方面与IgG阴性的医护人员没有差异。在疫苗可用之前，与IgG阴性的医护人员相比，IgG阳性的医护人员中不确定是否接种疫苗的比例显著更高（62.5%对49.0%），而表示不会接种疫苗的比例显著更低（16.7%对25.1%）。当塞尔维亚有可用疫苗时，在IgG阴性的医护人员中，在免疫接种期开始前对疫苗接种态度明确为积极（是）和明确为消极（否）的人员分别有28%和20%接种了疫苗，而51%不确定的医护人员接种了疫苗（P = 0.006）。在IgG阳性的医护人员中，对于之前对疫苗接种持消极、积极和不确定意见的人员，疫苗接种率没有统计学差异（P = 0.498）。在多变量分析中，与接种相关的独立因素包括女性（比值比[OR]=1.92；95%置信区间[CI]：1.04 - 3.55）、年龄在30 - 59岁、之前不确定是否接种疫苗（OR = 1.84；95%CI：1.04 - 3.25）以及之前对疫苗接种持积极态度的人员（OR = 2.48；95%CI：1.23 - 5.01），而护士接种疫苗的可能性较小（OR = 0.39；95%CI：0.20 - 0.75）。这些发现表明医护人员对COVID-19疫苗接种的态度有了积极变化。
