Ferrández-Pujante Alba, Pérez-Silva Amparo, Serna-Muñoz Clara, Fuster-Soler José Luis, Galera-Miñarro Ana Mª, Cabello Inmaculada, Ortiz-Ruiz Antonio J
Department of Integral Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain.
Institute of Biomedical Research, IMIB, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2022 Apr 15;9(4):566. doi: 10.3390/children9040566.
Cancers have a highly negative impact on the quality of life of paediatric patients and require an individualised oral treatment program for the phases of the disease. The aim of this study was to update existing research on oral care in children diagnosed with cancer. We carried out a literature search (in English, Spanish and Portuguese) in the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, WOS, SciELO, Lilacs, ProQuest, and SCOPUS databases and the websites of hospitals that treat childhood cancers. We found 114 articles and two hospital protocols. After review, we describe the interventions necessary to maintain oral health in children with cancer, divided into: phase I, before initiation of cancer treatment (review of medical record and oral history, planning of preventive strategies and dental treatments); phase II, from initiation of chemo-radiotherapy to 30-45 days post-therapy (maintenance of oral hygiene, reinforcement of parent/patient education in oral care, prevention and treatment of complications derived from cancer treatment); phase III, from 1 year to lifetime (periodic check-ups, maintenance, and reinforcement of oral hygiene, dental treatments, symptomatic care of the effects of long-term cancer treatment). The use of standardised protocols can avoid or minimise oral cancer complications and the side effects of cancer therapies.
癌症对儿科患者的生活质量有极其负面的影响，并且在疾病的各个阶段都需要个性化的口腔治疗方案。本研究的目的是更新关于癌症患儿口腔护理的现有研究。我们在PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、EBSCO、WOS、SciELO、Lilacs、ProQuest和SCOPUS数据库以及治疗儿童癌症的医院网站上进行了文献检索（英文、西班牙文和葡萄牙文）。我们找到了114篇文章和两份医院方案。经过审查，我们描述了癌症患儿保持口腔健康所需的干预措施，分为：第一阶段，在开始癌症治疗前（病历和口腔病史回顾、预防策略和牙科治疗规划）；第二阶段，从开始放化疗到治疗后30 - 45天（保持口腔卫生、加强家长/患者口腔护理教育、预防和治疗癌症治疗引起的并发症）；第三阶段，从1年到终身（定期检查、保持和加强口腔卫生、牙科治疗、长期癌症治疗效果的对症护理）。使用标准化方案可以避免或减少口腔癌并发症和癌症治疗的副作用。
