Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada.
Cancer Research Program, Centre for Translational Biology, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Apr 15;13(4):697. doi: 10.3390/genes13040697.
Background: Detecting pathogenic intronic variants resulting in aberrant splicing remains a challenge in routine genetic testing. We describe germline whole-exome sequencing (WES) analyses and apply in silico predictive tools of familial ovarian cancer (OC) cases reported clinically negative for pathogenic BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants. Methods: WES data from 27 familial OC cases reported clinically negative for pathogenic BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants and 53 sporadic early-onset OC cases were analyzed for pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2. WES data from carriers of pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants were analyzed for pathogenic variants in 10 other OC predisposing genes. Loss of heterozygosity analysis was performed on tumor DNA from variant carriers. Results: BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A intronic variant, identified in two affected sisters and one sporadic OC case, is predicted to create a new splice effecting transcription of BRCA1. WES data from BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A carriers showed no evidence of pathogenic variants in other OC predisposing genes. Sequencing the tumor DNA from the variant carrier showed complete loss of the wild-type allele. Conclusions: The findings support BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A as a likely pathogenic variant and highlight the importance of investigating intronic sequences as causal variants in OC families where the involvement of BRCA1 is highly suggestive.
背景:检测导致异常剪接的致病变异体基因仍然是常规基因检测中的一个挑战。我们描述了家族性卵巢癌(OC)病例的种系外显子组测序(WES)分析,并应用了临床上无致病性 BRCA1 和 BRCA2 变异的家族性 OC 病例的计算机预测工具。
方法:对 27 例临床上无致病性 BRCA1 和 BRCA2 变异的家族性 OC 病例和 53 例散发的早发性 OC 病例的 WES 数据进行分析,以寻找 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 中的致病性变异。对携带致病性 BRCA1 或 BRCA2 变异的 WES 数据进行分析,以寻找其他 10 个 OC 易感基因中的致病性变异。对变异携带者的肿瘤 DNA 进行杂合性缺失分析。
结果:在两个受影响的姐妹和一个散发的 OC 病例中发现的 BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A 内含子变异,预计会产生新的剪接效应,转录 BRCA1。BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A 携带者的 WES 数据显示,其他 OC 易感基因中没有致病性变异的证据。对变异携带者的肿瘤 DNA 进行测序显示,野生型等位基因完全缺失。
结论:这些发现支持 BRCA1 c.5407-25T>A 作为一种可能的致病性变异,并强调了在 BRCA1 高度提示的 OC 家族中,研究内含子序列作为因果变异的重要性。
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