School of Economics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
Chinese Academy of Fiscal Sciences, Beijing 100142, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Apr 13;19(8):4725. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19084725.
Focusing on the exploration of the important role of fiscal ecological compensation in green development, this paper incorporates fiscal ecological compensation into the analytical framework of green development. Based on samples of data from county areas in China in 2017 and 2018, this paper empirically examines the shape of the green development routes in county areas in China. On this basis, this paper explores the impact and mechanism of fiscal ecological compensation on the green development path in China. The empirical results show that there is a nonlinear, N-shaped relationship between economic development and the ecological environment in China within the range of the sample examined. Fiscal ecological compensation has a direct governance effect on the ecological environment of deterring ecological damage and providing financial compensation. Fiscal ecological compensation has an indirect impact on the ecological management of different regions by influencing economic development. Therefore, while focusing on transforming the economic development model, local governments should adopt policy instruments such as expanding the coverage of financial ecological compensation, deepening the design of the financial ecological compensation system, and systematically evaluating the effects of financial ecological compensation policies. The government should further improve and optimize the fiscal eco-compensation system in order to help China's green and high-quality development.
本文聚焦于财政生态补偿在绿色发展中的重要作用的探索，将财政生态补偿纳入绿色发展的分析框架。基于中国 2017 年和 2018 年县域数据样本，本文实证检验了中国县域绿色发展路径的形态。在此基础上，本文探讨了财政生态补偿对中国绿色发展路径的影响和作用机制。实证结果表明，在所考察的样本范围内，中国经济发展与生态环境之间存在非线性、N 型关系。财政生态补偿对生态环境具有直接的治理作用，既能遏制生态破坏，又能提供财政补偿。财政生态补偿通过影响经济发展，对不同地区的生态管理产生间接影响。因此，在关注转变经济发展模式的同时，地方政府应采取扩大财政生态补偿覆盖范围、深化财政生态补偿制度设计、系统评估财政生态补偿政策效果等政策工具。政府应进一步完善和优化财政生态补偿制度，以助力中国的绿色和高质量发展。
