Harris Muhammad, Mohsin Hammad, Potgieter Johan, Ishfaq Kashif, Archer Richard, Chen Qun, De Silva Karnika, Guen Marie-Joo Le, Wilson Russell, Arif Khalid Mahmood
Massey Agrifood Digital Lab, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand.
Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Apr 11;14(8):1541. doi: 10.3390/polym14081541.
This research presents a partial biodegradable polymeric blend aimed for large-scale fused deposition modeling (FDM). The literature reports partial biodegradable blends with high contents of fossil fuel-based polymers (>20%) that make them unfriendly to the ecosystem. Furthermore, the reported polymer systems neither present good mechanical strength nor have been investigated in vulnerable environments that results in biodegradation. This research, as a continuity of previous work, presents the stability against biodegradability of a partial biodegradable blend prepared with polylactic acid (PLA) and polypropylene (PP). The blend is designed with intended excess physical interlocking and sufficient chemical grafting, which has only been investigated for thermal and hydrolytic degradation before by the same authors. The research presents, for the first time, ANOVA analysis for the statistical evaluation of endurance against biodegradability. The statistical results are complemented with thermochemical and visual analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determines the signs of intermolecular interactions that are further confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermochemical interactions observed in FTIR and DSC are validated with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is also used as a visual technique to affirm the physical interlocking. It is concluded that the blend exhibits high stability against soil biodegradation in terms of high mechanical strength and high mass retention percentage.
本研究提出了一种用于大规模熔融沉积建模（FDM）的部分可生物降解聚合物共混物。文献报道了含有高含量化石燃料基聚合物（>20%）的部分可生物降解共混物，这使得它们对生态系统不友好。此外，所报道的聚合物体系既没有良好的机械强度，也没有在易导致生物降解的脆弱环境中进行过研究。作为先前工作的延续，本研究展示了由聚乳酸（PLA）和聚丙烯（PP）制备的部分可生物降解共混物对生物降解的稳定性。该共混物的设计具有预期的过量物理互锁和充分的化学接枝，同一作者之前仅对其热降解和水解降解进行过研究。本研究首次提出了用于生物降解耐久性统计评估的方差分析（ANOVA）。统计结果辅以热化学分析和视觉分析。傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）确定分子间相互作用的迹象，差示扫描量热法（DSC）进一步证实了这些迹象。FTIR和DSC中观察到的热化学相互作用通过热重分析（TGA）进行验证。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）也用作一种视觉技术来确认物理互锁。得出的结论是，该共混物在高机械强度和高质量保留率方面表现出对土壤生物降解的高稳定性。
