Li HuiLing, Zhao Dong, Liu YuQing, Xv JingWen, Huang HanZhi, Jin Yutong, Lu Yiying, Qi YuanYuan, Zhou Qiang
Department of Psychology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 6;13:779239. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.779239. eCollection 2022.
Abuses of most illegal drugs, including methamphetamine, marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and polydrug, are usually in conjunction with alcohol and tobacco. There are similarities and associations between the behavior, gene, and neurophysiology of such abusers, but the neural overlaps of their cue-reactivity and the correlation of neural overlap with drug craving still needs to be further explored. In this study, an Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) was performed on brain activation under legal (tobacco, alcohol) and illegal drug cues, for identifying the similarities in brain functions between different craving states. A Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) on the correlation coefficient between brain activation and craving scores in the selected literatures with subjective craving reports explained the degree of the craving via brain imaging results. In ALE, co-activation areas of the three cue-reactivity (posterior cingulate, caudate, and thalamus) suggest that the three cue-reactivity may all arouse drug-use identity which is a predictor of relapse and generation of conditioned reflexes under reward memory, thus leading to illegal drug relapses. In CMA, the brain activation was significantly correlated with subjective craving, with a correlation coefficient of 0.222. The neural overlap of tobacco, alcohol and most of the prevalent illegal drug cues not only further helps us understand the neural mechanism of substance co-abuse and relapse, but also provides implications to detoxification. Furthermore, the correlation between brain activation and craving is low, suggesting the accuracy of craving-based quantitative evaluation by neuroimaging remains unclear.
大多数非法药物的滥用，包括甲基苯丙胺、大麻、可卡因、海洛因和多种药物滥用，通常与酒精和烟草同时存在。此类滥用者的行为、基因和神经生理学之间存在相似性和关联性，但他们线索反应性的神经重叠以及神经重叠与药物渴望的相关性仍有待进一步探索。在本研究中，对合法（烟草、酒精）和非法药物线索下的大脑激活进行了激活可能性估计（ALE），以确定不同渴望状态之间大脑功能的相似性。对所选文献中具有主观渴望报告的大脑激活与渴望评分之间的相关系数进行了综合荟萃分析（CMA），通过脑成像结果解释了渴望程度。在ALE中，三种线索反应性（后扣带回、尾状核和丘脑）的共同激活区域表明，这三种线索反应性可能都会引发药物使用身份认同，这是奖励记忆下复发和条件反射产生的预测指标，从而导致非法药物复发。在CMA中，大脑激活与主观渴望显著相关，相关系数为0.222。烟草、酒精和大多数常见非法药物线索的神经重叠不仅进一步帮助我们理解物质共同滥用和复发的神经机制，也为解毒提供了启示。此外，大脑激活与渴望之间的相关性较低，表明基于渴望的神经成像定量评估的准确性仍不明确。
