Kucher A N, Koroleva Iu A, Zarubin A A, Nazarenko M S
Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634050 Tomsk, Russia.
Mol Biol. 2022;56(1):29-45. doi: 10.1134/S0026893322010034. Epub 2022 Feb 12.
The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) warrants the identification of factors that may determine both risk and severity of infection. The factors include microRNAs that have a wide regulatory potential and hence are particularly interesting. The review focuses on the potential roles of human microRNAs and the viral genome as well as microRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 infection and clinical features of COVID-19. The review summarizes the information about the human microRNAs that are thought to specifically bind to the SARS-CoV-2 genome and considers their expression levels in various organs (cells) in both healthy state and pathologies that are risk factors for severe COVID-19. Potential mechanisms whereby SARS-CoV-2 may affect the clinical features of COVID-19 are discussed in brief. The mechanisms include blocking of human microRNAs and RNA-binding proteins, changes in gene expression in infected cells, and possible epigenetic modifications of the human genome with the participation of coronavirus microRNAs.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1134/S0026893322010034.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行需要确定可能决定感染风险和严重程度的因素。这些因素包括具有广泛调控潜力因而特别引人关注的微小RNA。本综述聚焦于人类微小RNA、病毒基因组以及微小RNA在严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）感染和COVID-19临床特征中的潜在作用。本综述总结了有关被认为能特异性结合SARS-CoV-2基因组的人类微小RNA的信息，并考量了它们在健康状态以及作为严重COVID-19危险因素的各种疾病状态下在不同器官（细胞）中的表达水平。简要讨论了SARS-CoV-2可能影响COVID-19临床特征的潜在机制。这些机制包括阻断人类微小RNA和RNA结合蛋白、感染细胞中基因表达的变化，以及冠状病毒微小RNA参与下人类基因组可能的表观遗传修饰。
网络版包含可在10.1134/S0026893322010034获取的补充材料。
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