Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Immunologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; School of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China; Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2021 Feb;9(2):693-701. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.11.054. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
The impact of asthma on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains largely unknown.
To investigate the asthma prevalence among patients with COVID-19 and compare outcomes between patients with and without asthma.
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, bioRxiv, and medRxiv for studies reporting asthma prevalence in general patients with COVID-19 or comparing outcomes between patients with and without asthma, and excluded duplicate publications, reviews, editorials, comments, single case reports, or small case series (<10 cases). We determined the pooled estimates of effect using random-effect model.
On the basis of 131 studies (410,382 patients), we found great variability in the prevalence of comorbid asthma among patients with COVID-19 in different countries or regions ranging from 1.1% to 16.9%. No significant difference in asthma prevalence was found between hospitalized and nonhospitalized (risk ratio [RR], 1.15; 95% CI, 0.92-1.43), severe and nonsevere (RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.92-1.57), intensive care unit and non-intensive care unit (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.92-1.54), dead and survived (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.73-1.11), intubated/mechanically ventilated and nonintubated/mechanically ventilated (RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.71-1.17) patients with COVID-19. Patients with asthma have a lower risk of death compared with patients without asthma (RR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43-0.98). Asthma is not associated with a higher risk of intubation or mechanical ventilation (RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.72-1.46).
There is great variability in asthma prevalence among patients with COVID-19 in different countries or regions. Asthma is not associated with higher COVID-19 severity or worse prognosis, and patients with asthma are found to have a lower risk of death compared with patients without asthma.
哮喘对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的影响尚不清楚。
调查 COVID-19 患者中的哮喘患病率，并比较哮喘患者和非哮喘患者的结局。
在这项系统评价和荟萃分析中，我们检索了 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、bioRxiv 和 medRxiv，以获取报告一般 COVID-19 患者中哮喘患病率的研究，或比较哮喘患者和非哮喘患者结局的研究，并排除重复出版物、综述、社论、评论、单病例报告或小病例系列（<10 例）。我们使用随机效应模型确定效应的汇总估计值。
基于 131 项研究（410382 名患者），我们发现不同国家或地区 COVID-19 患者中合并哮喘的患病率差异很大，范围为 1.1%至 16.9%。住院患者和非住院患者（风险比 [RR]，1.15；95%置信区间，0.92-1.43）、重症患者和非重症患者（RR，1.21；95%置信区间，0.92-1.57）、重症监护病房患者和非重症监护病房患者（RR，1.19；95%置信区间，0.92-1.54）、死亡患者和存活患者（RR，0.90；95%置信区间，0.73-1.11）、气管插管/机械通气患者和非气管插管/机械通气患者（RR，0.91；95%置信区间，0.71-1.17）之间的哮喘患病率无显著差异。与非哮喘患者相比，哮喘患者的死亡风险较低（RR，0.65；95%置信区间，0.43-0.98）。哮喘与气管插管或机械通气的风险增加无关（RR，1.03；95%置信区间，0.72-1.46）。
不同国家或地区 COVID-19 患者中的哮喘患病率存在很大差异。哮喘与 COVID-19 严重程度或预后较差无关，与非哮喘患者相比，哮喘患者的死亡风险较低。
