Boudi F Brian, Patel Sabin, Patel Kajal, Parikh Kajal, Patel Neha, Boudi Max, Patel Samir, Patel Himanshu
Cardiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, USA.
Biology, Baylor University, Waco, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Mar 11;14(3):e23059. doi: 10.7759/cureus.23059. eCollection 2022 Mar.
In December 2019, the first case of a novel coronavirus infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was identified in the province of Wuhan, China. Since the initial identification on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization (WHO), COVID-19 had rapidly spread all over the world, leading to the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic. In response to the exponential trend of reported confirmed cases, national governments worked quickly to devise plans to combat the spread and to soften the consequences which were to follow. Two primary approaches included limiting the spread of the virus and increasing hospital capacity. The implementation of these strategies, however, varied greatly among different governments and their respective populations. Countries developed similar guidelines in response to COVID-19, but with a variation. Many of these guidelines were similar in that they fell under the same general topics such as the use of facial masks, social distancing, and online learning. The effect of COVID-19 on public health was more reliant on the implementation of these recommendations rather than the recommendations themselves. The medical therapies used to treat the widespread COVID-19 disease are flourishing and evolving rapidly. Ongoing research shows that the spectrum of treatment for COVID-19 varies from pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions. Some of the treatments that are being used in clinical practice include supportive care, antiviral drugs, immunomodulatory agents, convalescent plasma transfusion, and monoclonal antibody treatments. In addition, the most promising approach thus far is the COVID-19 vaccine developed by Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, and most recently Johnson & Johnson. Overall, as various treatment approaches are being explored and administered to people globally, it is important to acknowledge that there is currently no definite cure or any evidence-based treatment for COVID-19. COVID-19 infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have brought devastating consequences to the lives of millions of people through their health effects and the failure of global initiatives to contain it. A review of many missteps that potentially could have altered the landscape for this virus to affect the lives of many is discussed with hope for a better approach going forward.
2019年12月，中国湖北省武汉市发现了首例新型冠状病毒感染疾病，即2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）。自2020年3月11日世界卫生组织（WHO）首次确认以来，COVID-19迅速在全球蔓延，导致其被宣布为大流行病。为应对报告确诊病例呈指数增长的趋势，各国政府迅速制定计划，以抗击疫情蔓延并减轻后续影响。两种主要方法包括限制病毒传播和增加医院收治能力。然而，这些策略在不同国家政府及其各自民众中的实施情况差异很大。各国针对COVID-19制定了类似的指导方针，但存在差异。其中许多指导方针在总体主题上相似，例如使用口罩、保持社交距离和在线学习。COVID-19对公共卫生的影响更多地依赖于这些建议的实施，而非建议本身。用于治疗广泛传播的COVID-19疾病的医学疗法正在蓬勃发展且迅速演变。正在进行的研究表明，COVID-19的治疗范围涵盖药理学和非药理学治疗干预措施。临床实践中正在使用的一些治疗方法包括支持性护理、抗病毒药物、免疫调节剂、康复血浆输注和单克隆抗体治疗。此外，迄今为止最有前景的方法是辉瑞-生物科技公司、莫德纳公司以及最近强生公司研发的COVID-19疫苗。总体而言，随着全球各地正在探索并向人们施用各种治疗方法，必须认识到目前尚无针对COVID-19的确切治愈方法或任何循证治疗方法。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的COVID-19感染通过其对健康的影响以及全球控制疫情举措的失败，给数百万人的生活带来了毁灭性后果。本文讨论了许多可能改变这种病毒影响众多人生活局面的失误，希望未来能有更好的应对方法。
