Chivers Elizabeth A, Yogeeswaran Kumar, Zubielevitch Elena, Sibley Chris G
School of Psychology, Speech and Hearing, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
School of Psychology, University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2022 Apr 11;23:100450. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100450. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Globally, the prevalence of obesity has almost tripled in the last 45 years, and almost 2 billion adults are considered overweight or obese. Such individuals have been shown to experience bias and stigma in their everyday life. While some prior research suggests that there has been an increase in weight-based bias over time, there have also been active efforts to counteract weight-based bias over the past decade. The current study uses cohort-sequential growth curve modelling on a nationally representative survey to examine change in weight-based bias over the last decade. The study also investigates whether changes in weight-based bias reflect developmental changes that occur with age, or whether there are cohort-based differences in such bias. The current study also examines whether there are gender differences in weight-based bias over the past decade.
We used data from the New Zealand Attitudes and Values Survey (NZAVS). The NZAVS is an ongoing study that has been conducting an annual longitudinal panel survey of adult New Zealanders since 2009. There were 61,051 participants who responded to at least 1 out of the 11 waves available from the NZAVS. We used a feeling thermometer measure to assess attitudes toward people who are overweight over eleven years.
We found that weight-based bias has remained relatively stable over the last decade. Small cohort-based differences occurred for women within four younger birth cohorts (those born 1990-1986; 1980-1976; 1975-1971; and 1970-1966) revealing a small increase in warmth towards people who are overweight. Both men and women showed a slight gradual increase in warmth toward people who are overweight, which peaked in middle age.
Weight-based bias appears relatively stable over the past decade. These small changes do not appear to reflect developmental changes as a function of ageing. However, small decreases in weight-based bias among younger birth cohorts of women may reflect shifting societal norms about the acceptability of weight-based bias, although future work is needed to better understand this.
Collection of the NZAVS data analysed in this paper was supported by a grant from the Templeton Religion Trust (TRT0196) awarded to the last author.
在全球范围内，肥胖症的患病率在过去45年里几乎增长了两倍，近20亿成年人被认为超重或肥胖。这些人在日常生活中会受到偏见和污名化。虽然一些先前的研究表明，基于体重的偏见随着时间的推移有所增加，但在过去十年里也有积极的努力来抵制基于体重的偏见。本研究使用全国代表性调查中的队列序列增长曲线模型，来检验过去十年中基于体重的偏见的变化。该研究还调查了基于体重的偏见的变化是否反映了随着年龄增长而发生的发展变化，或者在这种偏见方面是否存在基于队列的差异。本研究还考察了过去十年中基于体重的偏见是否存在性别差异。
我们使用了新西兰态度与价值观调查（NZAVS）的数据。NZAVS是一项正在进行的研究，自2009年以来一直在对成年新西兰人进行年度纵向面板调查。有61051名参与者对NZAVS提供的11次调查中的至少一次做出了回应。我们使用感觉温度计测量法来评估十一年来对超重者的态度。
我们发现，在过去十年中，基于体重的偏见一直相对稳定。在四个较年轻的出生队列（1990 - 1986年出生；1980 - 1976年出生；1975 - 1971年出生；以及1970 - 1966年出生）的女性中出现了基于队列的微小差异，显示出对超重者的好感略有增加。男性和女性对超重者的好感都略有逐渐增加，在中年时达到峰值。
在过去十年中，基于体重的偏见似乎相对稳定。这些微小变化似乎并未反映出随年龄增长的发展变化。然而，较年轻出生队列的女性中基于体重的偏见略有下降，这可能反映了社会对基于体重的偏见可接受性的规范转变，尽管需要未来的研究来更好地理解这一点。
本文分析的NZAVS数据的收集得到了坦普尔顿宗教信托基金（TRT0196）授予最后一位作者的资助。
