Socio-Behavioral & Health Systems Research Division, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Ethn Health. 2023 May;28(4):544-561. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2022.2067836. Epub 2022 Apr 25.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a significant public health problem across the nations, is among the top ten leading causes of death. More than 370 million indigenous people (referred to as tribal people in India) are spread across 90 countries. India has the largest tribal people of 104 million. Tribal populations are not exceptional to the threat of type 2 DM (T2DM) and other non-communicable diseases, and hence, public health programmes are addressing this problem. This paper reports the systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the prevalence of T2DM.
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature to understand the prevalence of T2DM among the tribal populations of India, following the guidelines of the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The gender-wise prevalence was recalculated by extracting the data wherever possible. Forest plots were depicted based on the prevalence, and other analyses were performed.
On initial searches from three databases, 5422 citations were identified, and ultimately 27 studies were included in the review. These studies were undertaken amongst different tribes in different parts of India. The pooled prevalence of T2DM among men, women and combined were 6.04% (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.55% to 6.57%), 6.48% (95% CI: 6.01% to 6.99%) and 4.94% (95% CI: 4.72% to 5.17%), respectively. Considerable heterogeneity was found among these studies.
This systematic review provides an overview of the prevalence of T2DM among the Indian tribal population. The pooled overall prevalence is slightly lower than the general population. This situation is worrisome as the epidemic of T2DM will affect the poor tribal communities, who can least afford to bear the health care costs. Hence, the public health care services must be strengthened in all tribal areas. This review further warrants establishing surveillance of T2DM in tribal areas.
糖尿病（DM）是全球范围内一个重大的公共卫生问题，也是十大主要死因之一。超过 3.7 亿土著人（印度称为部落民）分布在 90 个国家。印度拥有 1 亿 4 千万最大的部落人口。部落人口也不能幸免于 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）和其他非传染性疾病的威胁，因此公共卫生计划正在解决这个问题。本文报告了关于印度部落人群 T2DM 患病率的系统评价和荟萃分析。
我们按照 PRISMA 声明报告系统评价和荟萃分析的指南，对文献进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以了解印度部落人群 T2DM 的患病率。在可能的情况下，我们提取数据以重新计算性别特异性患病率。根据患病率绘制了森林图，并进行了其他分析。
从三个数据库进行初步搜索后，确定了 5422 条引文，最终有 27 项研究纳入了综述。这些研究是在印度不同地区的不同部落中进行的。男性、女性和混合人群中 T2DM 的患病率分别为 6.04%（95%置信区间[CI]：5.55%至 6.57%）、6.48%（95%CI：6.01%至 6.99%）和 4.94%（95%CI：4.72%至 5.17%）。这些研究之间存在很大的异质性。
本系统评价提供了印度部落人群 T2DM 患病率的概述。总体患病率略低于一般人群。这种情况令人担忧，因为 T2DM 的流行将影响最无力承担医疗保健费用的贫困部落社区。因此，必须加强所有部落地区的公共医疗保健服务。本综述进一步证明需要在部落地区建立 T2DM 监测。
