Division of Oncological Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
College of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Nutr Cancer. 2022;74(9):3179-3193. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2063350. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
Interval breast cancers (IBCs) emerge after a non-suspicious mammogram and before the patient's next scheduled screen. Risk factors associated with IBC have not been identified. This study evaluated if the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) or empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) scores are associated with IBC compared to screen-detected breast cancer. Data were from women 50-79 years-old in the Women's Health Initiative cohort who completed food frequency questionnaires at baseline (1993-98) and were followed through March 31, 2019 for breast cancer detection. Women were identified as having either IBC diagnosed within 1-year after their last negative screening mammogram ( = 317) or screen-detected breast cancer ( = 1,928). Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses were used to estimate odds ratios for risk of IBC compared to screen-detected cancer in dietary index tertiles. No associations were observed between EDIP or EDIH and IBC. Odds ratios comparing the highest to the lowest dietary index tertile were 1.08; 95%CI, 0.78-1.48 for EDIP and 0.92; 95%CI, 0.67-1.27 for EDIH. The null associations persisted when stratified by BMI categories. Findings suggest that diet-driven inflammation or insulinemia may not be substantially associated with IBC risk among postmenopausal women. Future studies are warranted to identify modifiable factors for IBC prevention.
间期乳腺癌（IBC）在非可疑乳房 X 光检查后和患者下一次预定筛查前出现。与 IBC 相关的风险因素尚未确定。本研究评估了经验性饮食炎症模式（EDIP）或经验性高胰岛素血症饮食指数（EDIH）评分是否与 IBC 相关，而不是与筛查发现的乳腺癌相关。数据来自参加妇女健康倡议队列的 50-79 岁女性，她们在基线（1993-98 年）完成了食物频率问卷，并在 2019 年 3 月 31 日之前进行了乳腺癌检测。女性被确定为在最后一次阴性筛查乳房 X 光检查后 1 年内患有 IBC（ = 317）或筛查发现的乳腺癌（ = 1,928）。多变量调整的逻辑回归分析用于估计与筛查发现的癌症相比，在饮食指数三分位组中 IBC 的风险比。EDIP 或 EDIH 与 IBC 之间未观察到关联。与最低饮食指数三分位组相比，最高饮食指数三分位组的比值比分别为 1.08；95%CI，0.78-1.48 用于 EDIP 和 0.92；95%CI，0.67-1.27 用于 EDIH。当按 BMI 类别分层时，无效关联仍然存在。研究结果表明，饮食驱动的炎症或胰岛素血症与绝经后妇女的 IBC 风险之间可能没有实质性关联。未来的研究有必要确定 IBC 预防的可改变因素。
