Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Public Health, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2022 Jul 1;48(5):391-398. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4028. Epub 2022 Apr 26.
This study aims to estimate the influence of chronic diseases and poor working conditions - across educational levels - on working life expectancy (WLE) and working years lost (WYL) in the Dutch workforce after age 50.
Information on demographics, chronic diseases, and working conditions from 11 800 Dutch workers aged 50-66 years participating in the Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM) from 2010/2015 was enriched with monthly information on employment status from Statistics Netherlands up to 2018. In a multistate model, transitions were calculated between paid employment and involuntary exit (disability benefits, unemployment) and voluntary exit (economic inactivity, early retirement) to estimate the impact of education, chronic diseases, and working conditions on WLE and WYL between age 50 and 66.
Workers with a chronic disease (up to 1.01 years) or unfavorable working conditions (up to 0.63 years) had more WYL due to involuntary pathways than workers with no chronic disease or favorable working conditions. The differences in WYL between workers with and without a chronic disease were slightly higher among workers with a lower education level (male: 0.85, female: 1.01 years) compared to workers with a high educational level (male: 0.72, female: 0.82 years). Given the higher prevalence of chronic diseases and unfavorable working conditions, WYL among lower educated workers were higher than among higher educated workers.
The presence of a chronic disease or unfavorable working conditions, more prevalent among lower educated workers, contribute substantially to WYL among older workers. This will increase educational inequalities in working careers.eers.
本研究旨在评估慢性疾病和较差工作条件（涵盖不同教育水平）对荷兰 50 岁以上劳动力的工作预期寿命（WLE）和丧失工作年限（WYL）的影响。
2010/2015 年，11800 名 50-66 岁的荷兰工作人员参与了就业、能力和动机研究（STREAM），本研究将这些人员的人口统计学信息、慢性疾病和工作条件信息与荷兰统计局提供的截至 2018 年的每月就业状况信息进行了整合。在多状态模型中，通过计算有偿就业和非自愿离职（残疾津贴、失业）以及自愿离职（经济不活跃、提前退休）之间的转移情况，来估算教育、慢性疾病和工作条件对 50-66 岁期间 WLE 和 WYL 的影响。
患有慢性疾病（最多 1.01 年）或工作条件较差（最多 0.63 年）的工作人员由于非自愿离职途径而导致的 WYL 多于没有慢性疾病或工作条件较好的工作人员。与没有慢性疾病的工作人员相比，教育水平较低的工作人员（男性：0.85 年，女性：1.01 年）的 WYL 差异略高，而教育水平较高的工作人员（男性：0.72 年，女性：0.82 年）的 WYL 差异略低。考虑到慢性疾病和较差工作条件的患病率较高，教育程度较低的工作人员的 WYL 高于教育程度较高的工作人员。
慢性疾病或较差工作条件的存在，在教育程度较低的工作人员中更为普遍，这对老年工作人员的 WYL 产生了重大影响。这将增加教育程度不同的工作生涯中的教育不平等现象。
