Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
Department of Eat-loss Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 Apr 26;22(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02182-6.
Little is known regarding the oral conditions in nonelderly methamphetamine users, such as the presence of dental caries and periodontitis. We aimed the oral conditions between methamphetamine users and non-users stratified by age groups.
In this cross-sectional study, computed tomography images were obtained from 3,338 decedents at two forensic medicine departments in Japan. Decedents aged > 20 or ≤ 64 years were included in the study and categorised into methamphetamine-detected (MA) and undetected (control) groups based on toxicological examinations. Decedents in the MA and control groups were matched for age and sex in a 1:4 ratio. The matched pairs were further categorised into young adults (20-44 years) and middle-aged adults (45-64 years). Oral characteristics, including the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index; periodontitis; distributional patterns of each tooth condition; and occlusal status, were compared between the MA and control groups for each age category. Among 3,338 decedents, 37 young and 55 middle-aged adults in the MA group were matched with 148 and 220 adults in the control group, respectively.
In the young adult group, methamphetamine use was significantly associated with higher DMFT index (mean [standard deviation], 14.2 [7.6] vs 11.0 [6.1]; p = 0.007), smaller number of filled teeth (2.8 [2.9] vs 5.3 [4.0]; p = 0.001), higher proportion of periodontitis (39.0% vs 6.8%; p < 0.001), and lower proportion of occlusal support (54.1% vs 81.1%; p = 0.001). Young adult methamphetamine users tended to have untreated decayed canines and molars and missing molars. These findings were similar to those in middle-aged adults except the tendency to have missing maxillary incisors.
Nonelderly methamphetamine users had distinctive oral characteristics that may help screen for methamphetamine abuse through dental examinations.
对于非老年甲基苯丙胺使用者的口腔状况，例如龋齿和牙周炎的存在，了解甚少。我们旨在按年龄组分层比较甲基苯丙胺使用者和非使用者的口腔状况。
在这项横断面研究中，从日本两个法医学系获得了 3338 名死者的计算机断层扫描图像。将年龄>20 岁或≤64 岁的死者纳入研究，并根据毒理学检查将其分为甲基苯丙胺检测（MA）和未检测（对照）组。MA 和对照组中的死者按年龄和性别 1:4 比例匹配。将匹配的对进一步分为年轻成年人（20-44 岁）和中年成年人（45-64 岁）。比较每个年龄组 MA 和对照组之间的口腔特征，包括龋齿、缺失和补牙（DMFT）指数；牙周炎；每个牙齿状况的分布模式；以及咬合状态。在 3338 名死者中，MA 组中有 37 名年轻成年人和 55 名中年成年人，分别与对照组中的 148 名和 220 名成年人匹配。
在年轻成年人组中，甲基苯丙胺的使用与较高的 DMFT 指数（平均值[标准差]，14.2[7.6]与 11.0[6.1]；p=0.007）、较少的补牙数量（2.8[2.9]与 5.3[4.0]；p=0.001）、更高的牙周炎比例（39.0%与 6.8%；p<0.001）和更低的咬合支持比例（54.1%与 81.1%；p=0.001）相关。年轻的甲基苯丙胺使用者往往有未治疗的犬齿和磨牙龋齿以及磨牙缺失。这些发现与中年成年人相似，除了上颌切牙缺失的趋势。
非老年甲基苯丙胺使用者具有独特的口腔特征，通过牙科检查可能有助于筛查甲基苯丙胺滥用。
