Azizah Wilma N, Oscandar Fahmi, Damayanti Merry A
Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology-Forensic Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia.
Forensic Sci Res. 2023 Nov 10;8(3):185-197. doi: 10.1093/fsr/owad028. eCollection 2023 Sep.
Refusal of autopsy occurs for various reasons, including religious beliefs and the risk of infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019. Dental autopsy involves invasive procedures, including incision and access openings in the oral cavity. Radiographic techniques can be used as an alternative to the conventional autopsy process in the field of forensic odontology, providing a non-invasive approach that does not involve tissue damage. The current study aimed to analyse the current status of the applicability of oral and maxillofacial radiology for virtual forensic odontological autopsy. A systematic review was conducted in accord with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis protocol. The literature search was conducted from December 2021 to October 2022 using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SAGE Journals databases. Article selection was carried out by eliminating duplication, screening titles and abstracts, and reading the entire content of the article. A thematic analysis method was used to identify themes in the collected data. A total of 15 articles were included, and several uses of oral and maxillofacial radiography in virtual autopsy and forensic odontology were identified. Four techniques were identified that can be used for virtual autopsy in forensic odontology. The use of computed tomography (CT) scanning for virtual autopsy was reported in six articles, cone beam CT was reported in five articles, magnetic resonance imaging was reported in two articles, and multidetector CT was reported in two articles. In the studies included in this review, the identified oral and maxillofacial radiograph techniques that are used as the fundamental methods of virtual autopsy in forensic odontology are CT scanning (including multidetector CT), cone beam CT, and magnetic resonance imaging. The different methods of oral and maxillofacial radiography for virtual autopsy were identified as having advantages as well as limitations in their use in forensic odontology. Most of the included studies indicated that the virtual autopsy approach cannot yet stand alone as an identification method, but provides a useful adjunct for gathering dental evidence.
Virtual autopsy is a valuable tool for non-invasive autopsies in the field of forensic odontology.CT scans (including MDCT), CBCT, and MRI can be used for virtual autopsy in the identification of individuals based on dental evidence.The use of oral and maxillofacial radiographs can shorten the time required for forensic odontology activities.Artefacts caused by amalgam and other metal restorations on radiographic images can raise doubts in the identification process.Although the use of oral and maxillofacial radiology has many advantages, it cannot yet stand alone as an identification method.
尸体解剖的拒绝出于各种原因，包括宗教信仰以及诸如2019冠状病毒病等传染病的风险。牙科尸体解剖涉及侵入性操作，包括口腔切口和开口。放射学技术可作为法医牙科学领域传统尸体解剖过程的替代方法，提供一种不涉及组织损伤的非侵入性方法。本研究旨在分析口腔颌面放射学在虚拟法医牙科学尸体解剖中的应用现状。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目协议进行了系统评价。2021年12月至2022年10月期间，使用PubMed、ScienceDirect和SAGE期刊数据库进行了文献检索。通过消除重复、筛选标题和摘要以及阅读文章全文来进行文章选择。采用主题分析方法来识别收集数据中的主题。共纳入15篇文章，并确定了口腔颌面放射摄影在虚拟尸体解剖和法医牙科学中的几种用途。确定了四种可用于法医牙科学虚拟尸体解剖的技术。六篇文章报道了使用计算机断层扫描（CT）进行虚拟尸体解剖，五篇文章报道了锥形束CT，两篇文章报道了磁共振成像，两篇文章报道了多探测器CT。在本综述纳入的研究中，确定的作为法医牙科学虚拟尸体解剖基本方法的口腔颌面放射摄影技术是CT扫描（包括多探测器CT）、锥形束CT和磁共振成像。确定的用于虚拟尸体解剖的不同口腔颌面放射摄影方法在法医牙科学中的使用既有优点也有局限性。大多数纳入研究表明，虚拟尸体解剖方法目前还不能单独作为一种识别方法，但可为收集牙科证据提供有用的辅助手段。
虚拟尸体解剖是法医牙科学领域非侵入性尸体解剖的宝贵工具。CT扫描（包括MDCT）、CBCT和MRI可用于基于牙科证据识别个体的虚拟尸体解剖。使用口腔颌面放射照片可缩短法医牙科学活动所需时间。放射图像上由汞合金和其他金属修复体引起的伪影可能会在识别过程中引发疑问。虽然口腔颌面放射学的使用有许多优点，但它目前还不能单独作为一种识别方法。
