Führer Amand, Özer Erdogdu Ilknur, Kompa Paula, Yilmaz-Aslan Yüce, Brzoska Patrick
Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
Health Services Research Unit, Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany.
BMJ Open. 2022 Apr 27;12(4):e058076. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058076.
To investigate which measures are recommended by guidelines on prevention and management of infectious disease outbreaks in refugee shelters, how outbreaks have been dealt with in these facilities in the past and how measures taken compare with the recommendations identified in the literature.
DESIGN, DATA SOURCES AND ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: The review comprised German and English language literature on refugees residing in shelters located in high-income countries, published between 1990 and 2021. We searched PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science.
We extracted information concerning the characteristics of the setting and the study population, measures for outbreak prevention and reported difficulties with implementing these measures. The findings were evaluated using descriptive statistics and were narratively summarised.
Of a total of 1162 publications, 36 were included in the review, of which 19 were original research articles and 17 were guidelines/commentaries. In the guidelines, 37 different measures of infection control were mentioned. Among those, social distancing and isolation or quarantine were mentioned most frequently. In the outbreak reports, 27 different measures were reported, of which testing was reported most often. Different reasons why recommendations are difficult to implement in shelters were described, which are related to space, equipment, staff and financial constraints. Discrepancies between recommendations and actual practice mostly relate to the lack of preparation for outbreaks and the lack of appropriate measures to ensure intersectoral cooperation.
Recommendations on infection control and outbreak management and the measures actually taken in refugee shelters differ considerably. Among others, this results from a lack of intersectoral cooperation between state ministries, municipal health offices and the administration of the facilities as well as from guidelines not sufficiently tailored to the characteristics of refugee shelters.
调查难民营传染病暴发预防与管理指南推荐了哪些措施，过去这些设施中暴发是如何处理的，以及所采取的措施与文献中确定的建议相比情况如何。
设计、数据来源和纳入标准：该综述涵盖1990年至2021年间发表的关于居住在高收入国家难民营中难民的德语和英语文献。我们检索了PubMed、CINAHL和科学网。
我们提取了有关环境和研究人群特征、暴发预防措施以及报告的实施这些措施困难的信息。使用描述性统计对结果进行评估，并进行叙述性总结。
在总共1162篇出版物中，36篇被纳入综述，其中19篇是原创研究文章，17篇是指南/评论。在指南中，提到了37种不同的感染控制措施。其中，社交距离以及隔离或检疫被提及得最为频繁。在暴发报告中，报告了27种不同的措施，其中检测被报告得最为频繁。描述了建议在难民营中难以实施的不同原因，这些原因与空间、设备、工作人员和资金限制有关。建议与实际做法之间的差异主要与暴发准备不足以及缺乏确保部门间合作的适当措施有关。
难民营感染控制和暴发管理的建议与实际采取的措施有很大差异。这尤其源于国家部委、市卫生办公室和设施管理部门之间缺乏部门间合作，以及指南未充分针对难民营的特点进行制定。
