Cui Guolu, Lartey-Young George, Chen Chong, Ma Limin
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 China
Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092 China.
RSC Adv. 2021 Jul 20;11(41):25122-25140. doi: 10.1039/d1ra01658j. eCollection 2021 Jul 19.
Pesticides are commonly applied in agriculture to protect crops from pests, weeds, and harmful pathogens. However, chronic, low-level exposure to pesticides can be toxic to humans. Photochemical degradation of pesticides in water, soil, and other environmental media can alter their environmental fate and toxicity. Compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) is an advanced diagnostic tool to quantify the degradation of organic pollutants and provide insight into reaction mechanisms without the need to identify transformation products. CSIA allows for the direct quantification of organic degradation, including pesticides. This review summarizes the recent developments observed in photodegradation studies on different categories of pesticides using CSIA technology. Only seven pesticides have been studied using photodegradation, and these studies have mostly occurred in the last five years. Knowledge gaps in the current literature, as well as potential approaches for CSIA technology for pesticide monitoring, are discussed in this review. Furthermore, the CSIA analytical method is challenged by chemical element types, the accuracy of instrument analysis, reaction conditions, and the stability of degradation products. Finally, future research applications and the operability of this method are also discussed.
农药在农业中普遍使用，以保护作物免受害虫、杂草和有害病原体的侵害。然而，长期低剂量接触农药可能对人体有毒。农药在水、土壤和其他环境介质中的光化学降解会改变其环境归宿和毒性。化合物特异性同位素分析（CSIA）是一种先进的诊断工具，可用于量化有机污染物的降解，并深入了解反应机制，而无需识别转化产物。CSIA能够直接量化包括农药在内的有机降解。本综述总结了使用CSIA技术对不同类别农药进行光降解研究的最新进展。目前仅对七种农药进行了光降解研究，且这些研究大多是在过去五年内开展的。本综述讨论了当前文献中的知识空白以及CSIA技术用于农药监测的潜在方法。此外，CSIA分析方法还受到化学元素类型、仪器分析准确性、反应条件和降解产物稳定性的挑战。最后，还讨论了该方法未来的研究应用及可操作性。
