College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research & Center of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2022 Nov;43(11):2749-2758. doi: 10.1038/s41401-022-00910-w. Epub 2022 Apr 28.
Immunotherapy, in particular immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) axis, has remarkably revolutionized cancer treatment in the clinic. Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy is designed to restore the antitumor response of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) by blocking the interaction between PD-L1 on tumour cells and PD-1 on CTLs. Nevertheless, current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy suffers from poor therapeutic outcomes in a large variety of solid tumours due to insufficient tumour specificity, severe cytotoxic effects, and the occurrence of immune resistance. In recent years, nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDSs), endowed with highly efficient tumour targeting and versatility for combination therapy, have paved a new avenue for cancer immunotherapy. In this review article, we summarized the recent advances in NDDSs for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. We then discussed the challenges and further provided perspectives to promote the clinical application of NDDS-based anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
免疫疗法，特别是针对程序性细胞死亡蛋白-1（PD-1）/程序性细胞死亡配体-1（PD-L1）轴的免疫检查点阻断（ICB）疗法，在临床上极大地改变了癌症治疗。抗 PD-1/PD-L1 疗法旨在通过阻断肿瘤细胞上的 PD-L1 与 CTLs 上的 PD-1 之间的相互作用，恢复细胞毒性 T 细胞（CTLs）的抗肿瘤反应。然而，由于肿瘤特异性不足、严重的细胞毒性作用和免疫抵抗的发生，目前的抗 PD-1/PD-L1 疗法在多种实体瘤中疗效不佳。近年来，纳米级药物递送系统（NDDS）具有高效的肿瘤靶向性和联合治疗的多功能性，为癌症免疫治疗开辟了新途径。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了用于抗 PD-1/PD-L1 治疗的 NDDS 的最新进展。然后，我们讨论了挑战，并进一步提供了促进基于 NDDS 的抗 PD-1/PD-L1 治疗的临床应用的观点。
