Gupta Mayank, Gupta Nihit, Esang Michael
Clarion Psychiatric Center, Clarion, Pennsylvania.
Corresponding author: Mayank Gupta, MD, Clarion Psychiatric Center, 2 Hospital Drive, Clarion, PA 16214 (
Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2022 Apr 26;24(2):21r03218. doi: 10.4088/PCC.21r03218.
To review the empirical evidence regarding neuropsychiatric illness (long coronavirus disease [COVID]) in children and adolescents post-severe acute respiratory coronavirus disease 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. A search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted from the date of inception until February 2022 using the keywords *, , , , , , , , , and . Age filters were used to include children and adolescents aged ≤ 18 years. The search resulted in the identification of 526 articles; 48 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results are presented using a narrative review format. Data regarding long COVID in children and adolescents post-SARS-CoV-2 infection were extracted to understand epidemiologic trends, preventive measures, and treatment options. Studies during the initial phase of the pandemic reported a mixed range of symptoms from case reports or case series. However, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) was widely reported. During the subsequent phases, the emergence of new variants led to a surge of SARS-CoV-2 infections in pediatric populations. There were highly variable, mixed symptom clusters within 60 days post-infection, which resolved in many patients within 6 months. There were prolonged illnesses and impairments in some children and adolescents with long COVID, and many had similar symptoms even though they tested negative for COVID-19. Long COVID symptoms are both physical and mental in nature among children and adolescents. The impairments have the potential to affect long-term functioning and increase the overall burden on health care delivery. Despite current studies having methodological issues, there is a consensus to provide multidisciplinary and holistic care to those in need.
回顾关于儿童和青少年在感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）后出现神经精神疾病（长期新冠病毒病[COVID]）的实证证据。从各数据库创建之日至2022年2月，使用关键词*、、、、、、、*、和对PubMed、PsycINFO、Cochrane图书馆和谷歌学术进行了检索。使用年龄过滤器纳入年龄≤18岁的儿童和青少年。检索结果共识别出526篇文章；48篇文章符合纳入标准。结果采用叙述性综述形式呈现。提取了关于SARS-CoV-2感染后儿童和青少年长期新冠病毒病的数据，以了解流行病学趋势、预防措施和治疗选择。大流行初期的研究通过病例报告或病例系列报道了一系列混合的症状。然而，儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）被广泛报道。在随后阶段，新变种的出现导致儿科人群中SARS-CoV-2感染激增。感染后60天内出现了高度可变的混合症状群，许多患者在6个月内症状得到缓解。一些患有长期新冠病毒病的儿童和青少年病情迁延且有功能损害，许多人即使新冠病毒病检测呈阴性也有类似症状。儿童和青少年的长期新冠病毒病症状既有身体方面的，也有精神方面的。这些损害有可能影响长期功能，并增加医疗保健服务的总体负担。尽管目前的研究存在方法学问题，但对于为有需要的人提供多学科和全面护理已达成共识。
